Description
/* ------------------------------ INSTRUCTIONS ------------------------------ */
/* DO NOT EDIT THIS! UNDER NO CIRCUMSTANCE APPLY CHANGES TO THE CSS IN HERE, THE HEADER OR FOOTER! */
/* ----- Check out the full instructions: http://sta.sh/0h0h2gr62n9 ----- */
/* -----Week title ----- */
/* Put Novel Writing Basics Week
at the beginning of the text, NOT into the header, it will show up on the board */
/* Last edit: 09.07.2014 pica-ae */
/* ------------------------------ CSS ------------------------------ */
body div#devskin13850831 * {
background:transparent;
border:none;
box-shadow:none;
-moz-box-shadow:none;
-webkit-box-shadow:none;
box-sizing:border-box;
-moz-box-sizing:border-box;
-webkit-box-sizing:border-box;
margin:0;
padding:0;
}
/* ------------------------------ GENERAL ------------------------------ */
body div#devskin13850831 .gr-top h2 img, body div#devskin13850831 .tri , body div#devskin13850831 .gr1, body div#devskin13850831 .gr2, body div#devskin13850831 .gr3, body div#devskin13850831 .list {
display:none!important;
}
body div#devskin13850831 a, body div#devskin13850831 a.external, body div#devskin13850831 .user-symbol {
color:#B73E62;
text-decoration:none;
}
body div#devskin13850831 a:hover, body div#devskin13850831 a.external:hover, body div#devskin13850831 .username-with-symbol:hover .user-symbol {
color:#E43A5D;
text-decoration:none;
transition:color 0.5s ease;
-moz-transition:color 0.5s ease;
-webkit-transition:color 0.5s ease;
-ms-transition:color 0.5s ease;
-o-transition:color 0.5s ease;
}
body div#devskin13850831 .user-symbol, body div#devskin13850831 a.external:after {
font-size:8px;
padding:2px;
position:relative;
top:-4px;
}
/* ------------------------------ GR-BOX ------------------------------ */
body div#devskin13850831 .negate-box-margin {
font-size:16px;
line-height:20px;
margin:0 auto;
max-width:1000px;
padding:10px;
}
body div#devskin13850831 .gr-box {
background:#dae4d9 url('https://fc08.deviantart.net/fs71/f/2014/184/2/d/bggrad_by_pica_ae-d7p0s6p.png') 0px 0px repeat-x;
border:1px solid #a6b2a6;
border-radius:6px;
-moz-border-radius:6px;
-webkit-border-radius:6px;
box-shadow:0px 1px 5px #8c9688;
-moz-box-shadow:0px 1px 5px #8c9688;
-webkit-box-shadow:0px 1px 5px #8c9688;
color:#5d625d;
font-family:Verdana, sans-serif;
font-size:14px;
line-height:20px;
overflow:visible;
margin-top:174px;
padding:220px 30px 30px 30px;
position:relative;
}
body div#devskin13850831 .gr-genericbox {
}
/* ------------------------------ GR-TOP ------------------------------ */
body div#devskin13850831 .gr-top {
background:#bcc8ba;
border:solid #a6b2a6;
border-width:1px 1px 0 1px;
border-radius:6px;
-moz-border-radius:6px;
-webkit-border-radius:6px;
box-shadow:inset 0 1px 0px #8b958b, inset 0px -1px 0px #f9fbf9, inset 0px 0px 60px #bcc8ba;
-moz-box-shadow:inset 0 1px 0px #8b958b, inset 0px -1px 0px #f9fbf9, inset 0px 0px 60px #bcc8ba;
-webkit-box-shadow:inset 0 1px 0px #8b958b, inset 0px -1px 0px #f9fbf9, inset 0px 0px 60px #bcc8ba;
height:100px;
margin:0 20px 0 95px;
padding:20px;
position:relative;
text-align:center!important;
}
body div#devskin13850831 .gr-top::after {
content:'';
border-top:10px solid transparent;
border-right:10px solid #bcc8ba;
border-bottom:10px solid transparent;
position:absolute;
top:35px;
left:-10px;
}
body div#devskin13850831 .gr-top::before {
content:'';
border-top:10px solid transparent;
border-right:10px solid #f9fbf9;
border-bottom:10px solid transparent;
position:absolute;
top:36px;
left:-10px;
}
body div#devskin13850831 .gr-top .gr {
padding-left:0!important;
}
body div#devskin13850831 .gr-top .gr h2, body div#devskin13850831 .gr-top .gr h2 a {
color:#3d4d3d;
font-size:28px;
font-weight:bold;
text-shadow:0 1px 0px #8b958b, 0px -1px 0px #f9fbf9;
transition:color 0.5s ease;
-moz-transition:color 0.5s ease;
-webkit-transition:color 0.5s ease;
-ms-transition:color 0.5s ease;
-o-transition:color 0.5s ease;
}
body div#devskin13850831 .gr-top .gr h2 a:hover {
color:#E43A5D;
}
body div#devskin13850831 .gr-top .gr span {
}
body div#devskin13850831 .gr-top .author {
font-size:0;
}
body div#devskin13850831 .gr-top .author .username-with-symbol {
font-size:0;
}
body div#devskin13850831 .gr-top .author .username-with-symbol .user-symbol {
display:none;
}
body div#devskin13850831 .gr-top .author .avatar {
background:transparent url('https://images-wixmp-ed30a86b8c4ca887773594c2.wixmp.com/f/0585039b-fa9c-4986-9838-a3e54a7dcef8/ddo7ddf-1247514f-0987-4244-b243-895aa003886a.png?token=eyJ0eXAiOiJKV1QiLCJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiJ9.eyJzdWIiOiJ1cm46YXBwOjdlMGQxODg5ODIyNjQzNzNhNWYwZDQxNWVhMGQyNmUwIiwiaXNzIjoidXJuOmFwcDo3ZTBkMTg4OTgyMjY0MzczYTVmMGQ0MTVlYTBkMjZlMCIsIm9iaiI6W1t7InBhdGgiOiJcL2ZcLzA1ODUwMzliLWZhOWMtNDk4Ni05ODM4LWEzZTU0YTdkY2VmOFwvZGRvN2RkZi0xMjQ3NTE0Zi0wOTg3LTQyNDQtYjI0My04OTVhYTAwMzg4NmEucG5nIn1dXSwiYXVkIjpbInVybjpzZXJ2aWNlOmZpbGUuZG93bmxvYWQiXX0.nJ_7oEoYSWP5WqOY9qj-CNRJk-xyJYV_5kibvpqAkJo') no-repeat center;
display:block!important;
padding:5px;
position:absolute;
top:-10px;
left:-110px;
}
/* ------------------------------ GR-BODY ------------------------------ */
body div#devskin13850831 .gr-body {
overflow:visible!important;
position:static!important;
}
body div#devskin13850831 .gr-body .gr {
}
body div#devskin13850831 .gr-body .gr .grf-indent {
}
body div#devskin13850831 .gr-body .gr .grf-indent .text {
max-width:860px;
margin:0 auto;
padding:40px 0;
}
/* ------------------------------ BOTTOM ------------------------------ */
body div#devskin13850831 .gr-body .gr .grf-indent .bottom {
position:absolute;
right:6px;
bottom:16px;
color:#DAE4D9!important;
z-index:99;
padding:0px 0px 0px 0px!important;
height:27px;
font-size:0px;
}
body div#devskin13850831 .gr-body .gr .grf-indent .bottom a {
font-size:0px;
background:url('https://fc00.deviantart.net/fs71/f/2014/184/7/c/comment_by_pica_ae-d7p0s66.png') top no-repeat;
color:#DAE4D9!important;
text-decoration:none!important;
padding:0px;
margin:0px 15px 0px 10px;
text-align:center;
width:24px!important;
height:24px!important;
display:block;
transition:opacity 0.5s;
-moz-transition:opacity 0.5s;
-webkit-transition:opacity 0.5s;
-ms-transition:opacity 0.5s;
-o-transition:opacity 0.5s;
}
body div#devskin13850831 .gr-body .gr .grf-indent .bottom a:hover {
opacity:0.5;
filter:alpha(opacity=50);
_zoom:1;
}
/* ------------------------------ CUSTOM ------------------------------ */
body div#devskin13850831 .text h1, body div#devskin13850831 .text h2, body div#devskin13850831 .text h3, body div#devskin13850831 .text h4, body div#devskin13850831 .text h5, body div#devskin13850831 .text h6 {
font-family:'Ubuntu', 'Open Sans', 'Trebuchet MS', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
color:#E4375B;
font-weight:500;
letter-spacing:0.02em;
line-height:20px;
}
body div#devskin13850831 .text .white h1, body div#devskin13850831 .text .white h2, body div#devskin13850831 .text .white h3, body div#devskin13850831 .text .white h4, body div#devskin13850831 .text .white h5, body div#devskin13850831 .text .white h6 {
color:#f3f3f3!important;
display:block;
font-family:'Ubuntu', 'Open Sans', 'Trebuchet MS', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
letter-spacing:0.02em;
font-weight:bold;
text-shadow:#333333 0px 1px 4px;
}
body div#devskin13850831 .text h1 {
font-size:32px;
line-height:40px;
}
body div#devskin13850831 .text h2 {
font-size:28px;
line-height:40px;
}
body div#devskin13850831 .text h3 {
font-size:24px;
}
body div#devskin13850831 .text h4 {
font-size:21px;
}
body div#devskin13850831 .text h5 {
font-size:18px;
}
body div#devskin13850831 .text h6 {
font-size:14px;
}
body div#devskin13850831 .text blockquote {
border-bottom:1px solid;
font-family:Tinos, Georgia;
font-size:21px;
font-style:italic;
line-height:28px;
margin:20px 40px;
padding:0 40px 20px 40px;
position:relative;
text-align:center;
}
body div#devskin13850831 .text blockquote i {
font-size:14px;
position:absolute;
right:0;
bottom:-30px;
}
body div#devskin13850831 .text p, body div#devskin13850831 .text .dark {
background:#bcc8ba;
border-radius:6px;
-moz-border-radius:6px;
-webkit-border-radius:6px;
margin:20px 0;
padding:20px;
}
body div#devskin13850831 .text p strong {
display:block;
font-family:'Ubuntu', 'Open Sans', 'Trebuchet MS', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
color:#E4375B;
letter-spacing:0.02em;
font-size:120%;
margin:10px 0;
}
body div#devskin13850831 .text .indent {
background:transparent;
margin:0;
padding:0 40px;
}
body div#devskin13850831 .text ul, body div#devskin13850831 .text ol {
list-style-position:outside;
margin-left:30px;
}
body div#devskin13850831 .text ul li {
list-style-image:url('https://fc04.deviantart.net/fs70/f/2014/184/7/4/bullet_by_pica_ae-d7p0s6d.png');
margin-bottom:10px;
}
body div#devskin13850831 .text ol li {
margin-bottom:10px;
}
body div#devskin13850831 .text ul li ul {
list-style-type:none;
margin:10px 0 10px 20px;
}
body div#devskin13850831 .text ul li ul li {
list-style-image:none;
}
body div#devskin13850831 .text ul li ul li::before {
content:' ';
display:block;
float:left;
background:#f05473;
border-radius:4px;
-moz-border-radius:4px;
-webkit-border-radius:4px;
box-shadow:#FFFFFF 0px 1px 0px, #a6b1a6 0px -1px 0px;
-moz-box-shadow:#FFFFFF 0px 1px 0px, #a6b1a6 0px -1px 0px;
-webkit-box-shadow:#FFFFFF 0px 1px 0px, #a6b1a6 0px -1px 0px;
height:5px;
width:5px;
margin:7px 6px 0 -14px;
}
body div#devskin13850831 .text ul li ul li ul {
list-style-type:none;
margin:10px 0 10px 20px;
}
body div#devskin13850831 .text ul li ul li ul li {
list-style-image:none;
}
body div#devskin13850831 .text ul li ul li ul li::before {
content:' ';
display:block;
float:left;
background:#5d625d;
border-radius:4px;
-moz-border-radius:4px;
-webkit-border-radius:4px;
box-shadow:#FFFFFF 0px 1px 0px, #a6b1a6 0px -1px 0px;
-moz-box-shadow:#FFFFFF 0px 1px 0px, #a6b1a6 0px -1px 0px;
-webkit-box-shadow:#FFFFFF 0px 1px 0px, #a6b1a6 0px -1px 0px;
height:5px;
width:5px;
margin:7px 6px 0 -14px;
}
body div#devskin13850831 .text ul li ul li ul li ul {
list-style-type:none;
margin:10px 0 10px 20px;
}
body div#devskin13850831 .text ul li ul li ul li ul li {
list-style-image:none;
}
body div#devskin13850831 .text ul li ul li ul li ul li::before {
content:' ';
display:block;
float:left;
background:transparent;
border:1px solid #5d625d;
border-radius:4px;
-moz-border-radius:4px;
-webkit-border-radius:4px;
box-shadow:#FFFFFF 0px 1px 0px, #a6b1a6 0px -1px 0px;
-moz-box-shadow:#FFFFFF 0px 1px 0px, #a6b1a6 0px -1px 0px;
-webkit-box-shadow:#FFFFFF 0px 1px 0px, #a6b1a6 0px -1px 0px;
height:3px;
width:3px;
margin:7px 6px 0 -14px;
}
body div#devskin13850831 .text hr {
border-top:1px dotted #8b958b;
border-bottom:1px dotted #f9fbf9;
}
body div#devskin13850831 .button a {
background:#B73E62;
box-shadow:inset 0 1px 0 #F77992, inset 0 20px 10px -10px #c23e66, 0 1px 3px 0 #6C7C6E;
-moz-box-shadow:inset 0 1px 0 #F77992, inset 0 20px 10px -10px #c23e66, 0 1px 3px 0 #6C7C6E;
-webkit-box-shadow:inset 0 1px 0 #F77992, inset 0 20px 10px -10px #c23e66, 0 1px 3px 0 #6C7C6E;
border:1px solid #AE1837;
border-radius:4px;
-moz-border-radius:4px;
-webkit-border-radius:4px;
color:#FFFFFF;
padding:10px 20px;
text-shadow:none;
transition:all 1s;
-moz-transition:all 1s;
-webkit-transition:all 1s;
-ms-transition:all 1s;
-o-transition:all 1s;
}
body div#devskin13850831 .button a:hover {
background:#E43A5D;
box-shadow:inset 0 1px 0 #F47C94, inset 0 20px 10px -10px #E43A5D, 0 1px 5px 0 #6C7C6E;
-moz-box-shadow:inset 0 1px 0 #F47C94, inset 0 20px 10px -10px #E43A5D, 0 1px 5px 0 #6C7C6E;
-webkit-box-shadow:inset 0 1px 0 #F47C94, inset 0 20px 10px -10px #E43A5D, 0 1px 5px 0 #6C7C6E;
text-shadow:#AE1837 0px -1px 0px, #ED6581 0px -1px 0px;
}
body div#devskin13850831 .note {
background:#ffe566;
box-shadow:#bcc8ba 0px 2px 4px, inset #fff6cc 0px 1px 3px;
-moz-box-shadow:#bcc8ba 0px 2px 4px, inset #fff6cc 0px 1px 3px;
-webkit-box-shadow:#bcc8ba 0px 2px 4px, inset #fff6cc 0px 1px 3px;
margin:20px;
padding:20px;
position:relative;
}
body div#devskin13850831 .columns, body div#devskin13850831 .columns-p {
display:block;
overflow:hidden;
}
body div#devskin13850831 .columns p, body div#devskin13850831 .columns .half {
background:transparent;
display:inline-block;
float:left;
margin-right:1%;
padding:0 0 10px 0;
width:48%;
}
body div#devskin13850831 .columns-p p {
display:inline-block;
float:left;
padding:20px;
max-width:420px;
}
body div#devskin13850831 .columns-p p:first-of-type {
margin:0 20px 0 0;
}
body div#devskin13850831 .columns-p p:last-of-type {
margin:0 0 0 0;
}
body div#devskin13850831 .columns .half ul, body div#devskin13850831 .columns .half ol {
margin-left:20px;
}
body div#devskin13850831 .interview {
display:block;
font-family:Tinos, Georgia;
font-size:18px;
font-style:italic;
margin:0;
padding:0;
position:relative;
}
body div#devskin13850831 .interview .avatar {
float:left;
margin-top:25px;
}
body div#devskin13850831 .interview p .avatar {
float:none;
margin-top:0;
}
body div#devskin13850831 .interview p {
background:#FFFFFF;
border-radius:10px;
-moz-border-radius:10px;
-webkit-border-radius:10px;
box-shadow:0 2px 4px #6C7C6E;
-moz-box-shadow:0 2px 4px #6C7C6E;
-webkit-box-shadow:0 2px 4px #6C7C6E;
display:block;
font-family:Verdana, sans-serif;
font-size:14px;
font-style:normal;
margin:15px 0px 0px 70px;
padding:15px 15px 15px 30px;
position:relative;
}
body div#devskin13850831 .interview p::before {
content:' ';
display:block;
background:#dae4d9;
box-shadow:inset 0 2px 4px #6C7C6E;
-moz-box-shadow:inset 0 2px 4px #6C7C6E;
-webkit-box-shadow:inset 0 2px 4px #6C7C6E;
position:absolute;
top:30px;
left:-10px;
height:20px;
width:20px;
transform:rotate(45deg);
-moz-transform:rotate(45deg);
-webkit-transform:rotate(45deg);
-ms-transform:rotate(45deg);
-o-transform:rotate(45deg);
}
body div#devskin13850831 .interview p::after {
content:' ';
display:block;
background:#dae4d9;
border-radius:4px;
-moz-border-radius:4px;
-webkit-border-radius:4px;
position:absolute;
top:26px;
left:-20px;
height:28px;
width:20px;
}
/* ------------------------------ THUMBS ------------------------------ */
body div#devskin13850831 .shadow-holder {
margin:5px;
vertical-align:middle;
transition:background 1s;
-moz-transition:background 1s;
-webkit-transition:background 1s;
-ms-transition:background 1s;
-o-transition:background 1s;
}
body div#devskin13850831 .shadow-holder:hover {
box-shadow:0 0 4px #B8D1B6;
-moz-box-shadow:0 0 4px #B8D1B6;
-webkit-box-shadow:0 0 4px #B8D1B6;
}
body div#devskin13850831 .shadow-holder a.lit {
background:#E0E8DC;
border:1px solid #FFFFFF;
width:170px;
height:150px;
}
body div#devskin13850831 .shadow-holder .wrap q, body div#devskin13850831 p .shadow-holder .wrap q {
background:#E7EDE6;
font-family:Tinos, Georgia, serif;
font-size:14px;
font-style:italic;
font-weight:normal;
padding:10px;
position:absolute;
right:0;
left:0;
}
body div#devskin13850831 .shadow-holder .wrap q strong {
margin-bottom:10px;
}
body div#devskin13850831 p .shadow-holder .wrap q strong {
color:#5d625d;
font-family:Tinos, Georgia, serif;
font-size:14px;
margin:0 0 10px 0;
}
body div#devskin13850831 .embedded-deviation {
vertical-align:middle;
transition:background 1s;
-moz-transition:background 1s;
-webkit-transition:background 1s;
-ms-transition:background 1s;
-o-transition:background 1s;
}
/* thumbs in feat */
body div#devskin13850831 .feat .shadow-holder, body div#devskin13850831 .feat .embedded-deviation {
background:#E4375B;
box-shadow:inset 0 1px 0 #F77992, inset 0 20px 10px -10px #E85A78, 0 1px 3px 0 #6C7C6E;
-moz-box-shadow:inset 0 1px 0 #F77992, inset 0 20px 10px -10px #E85A78, 0 1px 3px 0 #6C7C6E;
-webkit-box-shadow:inset 0 1px 0 #F77992, inset 0 20px 10px -10px #E85A78, 0 1px 3px 0 #6C7C6E;
border:1px solid #AE1837;
margin:5px;
padding:5px;
vertical-align:middle;
transition:background 1s;
-moz-transition:background 1s;
-webkit-transition:background 1s;
-ms-transition:background 1s;
-o-transition:background 1s;
}
body div#devskin13850831 .feat .shadow-holder:hover, body div#devskin13850831 .feat .embedded-deviation:hover {
background:#E74B6C;
box-shadow:inset 0 1px 0 #F47C94, inset 0 20px 10px -10px #ED6581, 0 1px 5px 0 #6C7C6E;
-moz-box-shadow:inset 0 1px 0 #F47C94, inset 0 20px 10px -10px #ED6581, 0 1px 5px 0 #6C7C6E;
-webkit-box-shadow:inset 0 1px 0 #F47C94, inset 0 20px 10px -10px #ED6581, 0 1px 5px 0 #6C7C6E;
}
body div#devskin13850831 .shadow-holder .mild .thumb img, body div#devskin13850831 .shadow-holder a.lit, body div#devskin13850831 .feat .shadow-holder .mild .thumb img, body div#devskin13850831 .feat .embedded-deviation img, body div#devskin13850831 .feat .shadow-holder a.lit {
vertical-align:middle;
}
body div#devskin13850831 .feat .shadow-holder a.lit {
background:transparent;
border:none;
width:170px;
height:150px;
}
body div#devskin13850831 .feat .shadow-holder a.lit img, body div#devskin13850831 .shadow-holder a.lit img {
display:none;
}
body div#devskin13850831 .feat .shadow-holder .wrap q {
background:transparent;
color:#FFFFFF;
font-family:Tinos, Georgia, serif;
font-size:14px;
font-style:italic;
font-weight:normal;
margin:0;
padding:5px;
position:absolute;
right:0;
left:0;
}
body div#devskin13850831 .feat .shadow-holder .wrap q strong {
margin-bottom:10px;
}
body div#devskin13850831 .feat {
text-align:center;
background:transparent;
padding:0;
margin:0;
}
body div#devskin13850831 .embedded-deviation {
width:inherit;
}
/* ------------------------- FOOTER ------------------------- */
body div#devskin13850831 .buttons {
position:absolute;
left:20px;
bottom:16px;
color:#DAE4D9!important;
z-index:99;
padding:0px 0px 0px 0px!important;
height:27px;
font-size:0px;
}
body div#devskin13850831 .buttons a {
transition:opacity 0.5s;
-moz-transition:opacity 0.5s;
-webkit-transition:opacity 0.5s;
-ms-transition:opacity 0.5s;
-o-transition:opacity 0.5s;
}
body div#devskin13850831 .buttons img {
padding-right:8px;
}
body div#devskin13850831 .buttons a:hover {
opacity:0.5;
filter:alpha(opacity=50);
_zoom:1;
}
/* ------------------------- HEADER ------------------------- */
body div#devskin13850831 .header {
background:transparent;
height:375px;
position:absolute;
top:-174px;
right:0;
left:0;
}
body div#devskin13850831 .header br {
display:none;
}
body div#devskin13850831 .header .pe-regular a {
display:block;
background:url('https://fc01.deviantart.net/fs70/o/2013/024/0/0/350289350_646745_322748439_464988_header2.png') no-repeat center top;
height:188px;
max-width:800px;
margin:0 auto;
text-align:center;
}
body div#devskin13850831 .header .pe-art-history a {
display:block;
background:url('https://fc08.deviantart.net/fs70/f/2014/184/e/a/pe_art_history_by_pica_ae-d7p0s4y.png') no-repeat center top;
height:188px;
max-width:800px;
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Cooking and Baking Week
Sourdough can seem quite intimidating, but it doesn't have to be. Once you have your starter there are many things you can do with it. Bread, pancakes, waffles, English muffins, crackers, and that is just to start!
I have seen many different starter recipes. And even tried a few. One started with a bunch of grapes! But really, all you need is water and flour.
The bread can be as simple as adding water, flour and salt to the starter, to ones with all kinds of stuff added. Even chocolate! My favorite is a seasoned olive and sun dried tomato loaf.
So, let us start with the starter!
Starter
The main difference between sourdough and regular yeast bread is, of course, the yeast. Sourdough is made with "wild" yeast. 'Catching' it is easy, it is in the flour. Making a starter is just allowing these wild little critters to grow and multiply.
It is important that you use unbleached flour, as bleaching kills the yeast. Also, chlorinated and softened water can hurt the little guys. City water is chlorinated. I have a well, but we have to use a water softener, so I use botted water.
Whole grain flours seem to work best, wheat, rye and spelt being the most common ones. I use 3 parts regular whole wheat to one part unbleached white flour.
How to make a starter
All that you need for this is flour, water and a container (glass, ceramic or plastic). Oh, and time.
- Day 1: Add equal parts, by weight or measure, it really makes no difference, of flour and water. I use 1/4 cup each. Mix well. Cover loosely. As the yeast grows it gives off gas, it needs to escape. I like to use a pint canning jar. I cover it with paper towel held in place with just the ring of the cover. Set in a warm place, 70 to 80 degrees Fahrenheit.
- Day 2: Add another 1/4 cup each. I usually add the water first and stir it in; this makes it easier to mix in the flour. Stir well. Make sure to scrape the bottom to get everything blended. Leave in the warm place.
- Day 3: Stir well. Discard half of the starter. Add 1/4 cup each, flour and water, mix well. Return to warm place. This is called feeding. At this time I put a rubber band around the jar, at the level of the top of the starter. I adjust it each day after I feed the starter so I know the level it starts at each day.
- Day 4 and on: Repeat Day 3 each day from here on. One day you will notice bubbles and a sour smell. You are getting close. A day or so later you will notice the smell ripening and the starter will grow. It may even rise and fall. This usually takes from 5 to 10 days. Congratulations! It's a starter!
Care and feeding of your starter
Once your starter is ready you can use it right away. If you aren't going to use it that day, feed it the same as the day before. Let it sit in the warm place a couple hours, then put it in the fridge. If you use your starter every day you can keep it on the counter.
When putting the starter in the fridge, cover loose enough to let gas escape. I have these nice plastic containers that are designed to breathe.
This first batch is your 'mother'. You need to leave about 1/4 cup each time to replace what you use. If you need more starter remove all but 1/4 cup to another container. Add equal amounts of water and flour to make enough for the recipe. Mix well. Let sit in a warm spot for a couple hours till the starter is at least 1/4 bigger. The rubber band trick works well for this. Add about 1/4 to 1/2 cup of each flour and water to the leftover. Mix well. Let sit till it bubbles and starts to grow. About 1 to 2 hours, then put it in the fridge. If it is going to be more than a week before you use it again, you will need to feed it at a week. This discard is a great opportunity to make sourdough waffles!
You will see a liquid on top of the starter, this is normal. Stir it back in before you use it. If at any time the starter grows mold or turns weird colors or smells foul, throw it out and start over. I have never had this happen, knock on wood.
Lets make a simple loaf
Okay, this picture may not look like a simple loaf, but it is.
Bread making is all about hydration, the ratio of water to flour. Starter is 100% equal parts. Most sourdough recipes I've seen are 50% to 80%. The higher the hydration, the bigger the air bubbles and the chewier, more rustic the texture. Also, higher hydration requires a different type of kneading.
Basic equipment
You need at least:
- A bowl to mix the bread in.
- A mixing spoon.
- Something to bake the bread in or on.
- An oven.
It is good to have:
- Basket or bowl for final proofing.
- A scraper.
- Measuring cups and/or a kitchen scale.
- A lame. Basically a razor blade on a stick. A very sharp knife can work.
- A Dutch oven or a roaster. I use a stoneware chicken roaster.
- or -
- An oven stone and a peel. A cookie sheet makes a good substitute for a peel.
Really nice, but not needed:
- A stand mixer with a dough hook.
Step 1: Making the dough
If you need to make starter from your mother, do so first. Once the starter is ready, measure and add water to a bowl. Then measure and add the starter and mix. Then add flour and salt. Mix till blended. It should be a shaggy mass. Cover with a towel.
Step 2: Autolayse
A fancy word for letting it sit for a bit. Half an hour seems to be a good amount of time. This allows the water to soak into the flour and encourages the gluten to start forming. The first picture above shows the mixing. The second is after autolayse and a little kneading. The dough becomes much softer and more stretchy.
Step 3: Kneading
I use a recipe that is 60% to 65% hydration. This allows you to knead the dough. Although it may seem like it is too soft, I promise, it will develop structure as you work. The kneading needs to be rather fast and it will be a bit messy and sticky. Use one hand to knead and the other will man the scraper.
As you work from time to time, scrape the dough back into a bowl and off your hand. I have a bad shoulder, so I use a stand mixer. A trick to telling if the dough is ready is the window pane test. Pull up a bit and see if you can stretch it thin enough to easily see light through.
With higher hydration loaves kneading is very hard and messy. A better option is folding.
You wet your hand to help prevent the dough sticking to it, and scoop up dough on one side, then you lift/stretch it upwards and fold over the dough. Rewet your hand, give the bowl a quartet turn and repeat. Do this all the way around. Repeat every 30 minutes or so. Usually this is done 4 to 8 times, called turns. You will notice the dough become smoother and more elastic as you go. I have only made high hydration bread once. It took 6 turns for my bread to feel right.
By the way, the dough in the pictures is the 60% one I'm kneading in the other picture, that is why it looks stiffer.
Step 4: Bulk fermentation
This step is one that helps you make the bread's schedule fit yours. This is the same thing as the first proofing for yeasted breads. Wild yeast takes longer. Instead of an hour or so, it can take 6 to 8 hours. But, if you need more time, you can put it in the fridge for up to several days! This is called retarding the dough. The dough will not rise much, if any, during the retarding. It can also be done for the final proofing.
The longer you have this stage last, the more the sourdough flavor will develop. Many bakers will retard the dough to develop a stronger flavor. This is up to your tastes, you are the one who will eat it! If you do retard the dough, let it sit at room temp an hour or so to warm up.
The bulk fermentation goes till the dough is doubled. If you are retarding the dough it will most likely need several more hours at room temp to reach this stage. Temperature is important. I made some this summer on a day in the 80's. It took barely 6 hours. This batch was done on a day in the low 70's, upper 60's. It took a little over 8 hours.
When doing the bulk fermentation you need to cover with something like plastic wrap, a plate or put in a plastic bag. This is to prevent drying out.
Step 5: Shaping
I usually make two loaves at a time. The recipe I will be including makes two medium size loaves, or 3 to 4 small loaves.
Turn the dough out onto a floured surface. Flour is needed at this point to aid in the development of a skin and tensioning the dough. Use a scraper or knife to separate the dough into the equal portions for the number of loaves you are making. Shape into a rough ball shape. Let it rest on a floured surface a couple of minutes (I will admit, I rarely do this, never had a problem).
Tensioning is stretching the dough to help it hold it's shape better. There are several different methods, but they all are basically the same. I will discuss the method for a round loaf:
Pull up dough from one side and pull to center. Pinch and hold in place with other hand. Continue going around the loaf, moving a quarter of the loaf each time. You will go around the loaf several times. Then you will want to put both hands cupping the loaf and pull it towars you. Turn a quarter turn and repeat. (I had to hold my phone with one hand so I could only use one hand in the picture.) When the loaf feels like it will kind of hold its shape you will put it in a proofing bowl or basket.
The basket is called a banneton. Many bakers call whatever you use a banneton. How the banneton is lined will determine how the dough is put in.
The one on the left, a real banneton, is lined with a hand towel. This one actually has a fabric liner that came with it, but, since not everyone has one, I wanted to use something most people have. The towel is dusted well with flour to keep the dough from sticking. The one on the right is lined with kitchen parchment, my favorite method.
If using a fabric lined banneton you will put the loaf in top side down. It will get turned out onto parchment or directly into a Dutch oven or roaster or onto a peel.
If using a parchment lined banneton you will put it in top side up.
Either way, once it is in the banneton, dust with flour and cover with a towel or place in a loose plastic bag. If you are going to retard the dough at this stage, but the bannetons in plastic bags too prevent over drying.
Step 6: Final proofing
This step takes 1 1/2 hours to 3 hours. It goes till about double.
I didn't have time to bake these loaves the same day I started them so I put them in plastic bags and put them in the fridge over night. Make sure to let the dough warm up an hour or so when you take it out again. It will probably need more proofing.
Step 7: Prepping the oven
About an half hour before you are ready to bake you need to put the stone, Dutch oven, roaster, etc. into the oven and heat to 450 degrees. I know, scary hot!
Step 8: Scoring and baking
This step varies depending on whether you used a fabric lined banneton or a parchment lined one.
For parchment lined, you just score and decorate (optional) and bake. If you want to use a stencil, there are a couple of easy steps. For the dragon one I used flour. To do that you need to brush off any excess flour, spritz lightly with water (optional, but helpful - just make sure it is light). Place your stencil in place. I use a small strainer to sift flour over the stencil. Carefully remove the stencil.
The darker color design is done the same way, but instead of brushing off the flour you are going to add more. Then lightly smooth it over the top. Then place the stencil and sift the dark colored powder over. I used smoked paprika for this one, but Cocoa powder is a common choice.
For the fabric lined banneton I put a sheet of parchment over the loaf and a cutting board or plate over that. Turn it over and remove the banneton. Carefully remove towel. Too often my dough sticks to the towel or the fabric liner. especially with higher hydration recipes. That is why I prefer parchment. But as you can see in the pictures, it worked perfectly this time.
Scoring can be decorative or utilitarian. Scoring allows the bread to rise better in the oven (oven rise). It also allows you to have some control over where the cracks appear. As you see from the loaf with the paprika, it isn't an exact science.
Scoring is done with a razor blade, very sharp knife or a lame (la-may, like the fabric). A lame is, for all intents and purposes, a razor blade on a stick. Mine is a razor blade on a coffee stirrer stick. The fancy ones have the blade at an angle. I feel this would be helpful, but you make do with what you have. It works best to use quick, even strokes, and short slashes. Make sure the slashes go deep enough they cut all the way through the skin. The slash will spread readily if the cut is deep enough.
Now, the actual baking.
Carefully remove the roaster or Dutch oven from the oven. I set mine on a cooling rack. Remove the lid. Gather up the corners of the parchment. Spritzing the parchment lightly with water helps to soften it. Carefully lift into the pan and replace the cover. Put in the oven and bake covered for 25 minutes. Then remove the cover and bake 15 minutes longer. I leave the cover on the lower rack of the oven so it doesn't cool off while the bread is finishing. If you are using an unenameled Dutch oven you will want to remove the loaf from the pan and put on the rack for the last 15 minutes. Otherwise the bottom will burn.
Remove from pan and cool on rack. The hard part is having to wait till the loaf is completely cool to cut it. If it is warm when you cut it it will be gummy where cut.
Now the best part, enjoy!
Baking the bread in the covered pan helps to keep in the steam and aids in the oven spring.
I never bake on a stone, so I'm not going to discuss it. There are a number of videos on youtube that address this baking method. It will result in a flatter loaf.
Recipes
Sourdough bread
- 800 grams bread flour (I use 500 grams white and 300 grams whole wheat) - about 6 1/3 cups
- 460 ml water 15.5 oz. - a scant 2 cups
- 320 grams starter - about 1 cup
- 10 grams uniodized salt - 2 tsp
Kalamata olive, sundried tomato and garlic
Sourdough Waffles (from the King Arthur Flour site)
Overnight sponge
- 2 cups unbleached flour
- 2 tablespoons sugar
- 2 cups buttermilk
- 1 cup unfed starter/discard
Mix all together, cover and leave in a coolish spot overnight (8 to 12 hours).
Waffle batter
- The overnight sponge
- 2 large eggs
- 1/4 cup melted butter
- 3/4 teaspoon salt
- 1 teaspoon baking soda
Optional
- 1 tsp vanilla
- 1/2 tsp cinnamon
- 4 Tbls sugar
Start heating up the waffle iron. I use a Belgium waffle iron.
Add everthing but the baking soda to the sponge. Mix well. Add baking soda. The batter will bubble a little. Bake per iron's instrctions. This mix can be used to make pancakes, also. Cool the left over waffles and freeze - they make the best freezer waffles!
Also, I highly recomend this video:
Enjoy!
If you have any questions, let me know. I will do my best to answer.
CrazyLadyDDC — Sourdough Basics
