Description
/* ------------------------------ INSTRUCTIONS ------------------------------ */
/* DO NOT EDIT THIS! UNDER NO CIRCUMSTANCE APPLY CHANGES TO THE CSS IN HERE, THE HEADER OR FOOTER! */
/* ----- Check out the full instructions: http://sta.sh/0h0h2gr62n9 ----- */
/* -----Week title ----- */
/* Put Novel Writing Basics Week
at the beginning of the text, NOT into the header, it will show up on the board */
/* Last edit: 09.07.2014 pica-ae */
/* ------------------------------ CSS ------------------------------ */
body div#devskin13850831 * {
background:transparent;
border:none;
box-shadow:none;
-moz-box-shadow:none;
-webkit-box-shadow:none;
box-sizing:border-box;
-moz-box-sizing:border-box;
-webkit-box-sizing:border-box;
margin:0;
padding:0;
}
/* ------------------------------ GENERAL ------------------------------ */
body div#devskin13850831 .gr-top h2 img, body div#devskin13850831 .tri , body div#devskin13850831 .gr1, body div#devskin13850831 .gr2, body div#devskin13850831 .gr3, body div#devskin13850831 .list {
display:none!important;
}
body div#devskin13850831 a, body div#devskin13850831 a.external, body div#devskin13850831 .user-symbol {
color:#B73E62;
text-decoration:none;
}
body div#devskin13850831 a:hover, body div#devskin13850831 a.external:hover, body div#devskin13850831 .username-with-symbol:hover .user-symbol {
color:#E43A5D;
text-decoration:none;
transition:color 0.5s ease;
-moz-transition:color 0.5s ease;
-webkit-transition:color 0.5s ease;
-ms-transition:color 0.5s ease;
-o-transition:color 0.5s ease;
}
body div#devskin13850831 .user-symbol, body div#devskin13850831 a.external:after {
font-size:8px;
padding:2px;
position:relative;
top:-4px;
}
/* ------------------------------ GR-BOX ------------------------------ */
body div#devskin13850831 .negate-box-margin {
font-size:16px;
line-height:20px;
margin:0 auto;
max-width:1000px;
padding:10px;
}
body div#devskin13850831 .gr-box {
background:#dae4d9 url('https://fc08.deviantart.net/fs71/f/2014/184/2/d/bggrad_by_pica_ae-d7p0s6p.png') 0px 0px repeat-x;
border:1px solid #a6b2a6;
border-radius:6px;
-moz-border-radius:6px;
-webkit-border-radius:6px;
box-shadow:0px 1px 5px #8c9688;
-moz-box-shadow:0px 1px 5px #8c9688;
-webkit-box-shadow:0px 1px 5px #8c9688;
color:#5d625d;
font-family:Verdana, sans-serif;
font-size:14px;
line-height:20px;
overflow:visible;
margin-top:174px;
padding:220px 30px 30px 30px;
position:relative;
}
body div#devskin13850831 .gr-genericbox {
}
/* ------------------------------ GR-TOP ------------------------------ */
body div#devskin13850831 .gr-top {
background:#bcc8ba;
border:solid #a6b2a6;
border-width:1px 1px 0 1px;
border-radius:6px;
-moz-border-radius:6px;
-webkit-border-radius:6px;
box-shadow:inset 0 1px 0px #8b958b, inset 0px -1px 0px #f9fbf9, inset 0px 0px 60px #bcc8ba;
-moz-box-shadow:inset 0 1px 0px #8b958b, inset 0px -1px 0px #f9fbf9, inset 0px 0px 60px #bcc8ba;
-webkit-box-shadow:inset 0 1px 0px #8b958b, inset 0px -1px 0px #f9fbf9, inset 0px 0px 60px #bcc8ba;
height:100px;
margin:0 20px 0 95px;
padding:20px;
position:relative;
text-align:center!important;
}
body div#devskin13850831 .gr-top::after {
content:'';
border-top:10px solid transparent;
border-right:10px solid #bcc8ba;
border-bottom:10px solid transparent;
position:absolute;
top:35px;
left:-10px;
}
body div#devskin13850831 .gr-top::before {
content:'';
border-top:10px solid transparent;
border-right:10px solid #f9fbf9;
border-bottom:10px solid transparent;
position:absolute;
top:36px;
left:-10px;
}
body div#devskin13850831 .gr-top .gr {
padding-left:0!important;
}
body div#devskin13850831 .gr-top .gr h2, body div#devskin13850831 .gr-top .gr h2 a {
color:#3d4d3d;
font-size:28px;
font-weight:bold;
text-shadow:0 1px 0px #8b958b, 0px -1px 0px #f9fbf9;
transition:color 0.5s ease;
-moz-transition:color 0.5s ease;
-webkit-transition:color 0.5s ease;
-ms-transition:color 0.5s ease;
-o-transition:color 0.5s ease;
}
body div#devskin13850831 .gr-top .gr h2 a:hover {
color:#E43A5D;
}
body div#devskin13850831 .gr-top .gr span {
}
body div#devskin13850831 .gr-top .author {
font-size:0;
}
body div#devskin13850831 .gr-top .author .username-with-symbol {
font-size:0;
}
body div#devskin13850831 .gr-top .author .username-with-symbol .user-symbol {
display:none;
}
body div#devskin13850831 .gr-top .author .avatar {
background:transparent url('https://images-wixmp-ed30a86b8c4ca887773594c2.wixmp.com/f/0585039b-fa9c-4986-9838-a3e54a7dcef8/ddo7ddf-1247514f-0987-4244-b243-895aa003886a.png?token=eyJ0eXAiOiJKV1QiLCJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiJ9.eyJzdWIiOiJ1cm46YXBwOjdlMGQxODg5ODIyNjQzNzNhNWYwZDQxNWVhMGQyNmUwIiwiaXNzIjoidXJuOmFwcDo3ZTBkMTg4OTgyMjY0MzczYTVmMGQ0MTVlYTBkMjZlMCIsIm9iaiI6W1t7InBhdGgiOiJcL2ZcLzA1ODUwMzliLWZhOWMtNDk4Ni05ODM4LWEzZTU0YTdkY2VmOFwvZGRvN2RkZi0xMjQ3NTE0Zi0wOTg3LTQyNDQtYjI0My04OTVhYTAwMzg4NmEucG5nIn1dXSwiYXVkIjpbInVybjpzZXJ2aWNlOmZpbGUuZG93bmxvYWQiXX0.nJ_7oEoYSWP5WqOY9qj-CNRJk-xyJYV_5kibvpqAkJo') no-repeat center;
display:block!important;
padding:5px;
position:absolute;
top:-10px;
left:-110px;
}
/* ------------------------------ GR-BODY ------------------------------ */
body div#devskin13850831 .gr-body {
overflow:visible!important;
position:static!important;
}
body div#devskin13850831 .gr-body .gr {
}
body div#devskin13850831 .gr-body .gr .grf-indent {
}
body div#devskin13850831 .gr-body .gr .grf-indent .text {
max-width:860px;
margin:0 auto;
padding:40px 0;
}
/* ------------------------------ BOTTOM ------------------------------ */
body div#devskin13850831 .gr-body .gr .grf-indent .bottom {
position:absolute;
right:6px;
bottom:16px;
color:#DAE4D9!important;
z-index:99;
padding:0px 0px 0px 0px!important;
height:27px;
font-size:0px;
}
body div#devskin13850831 .gr-body .gr .grf-indent .bottom a {
font-size:0px;
background:url('https://fc00.deviantart.net/fs71/f/2014/184/7/c/comment_by_pica_ae-d7p0s66.png') top no-repeat;
color:#DAE4D9!important;
text-decoration:none!important;
padding:0px;
margin:0px 15px 0px 10px;
text-align:center;
width:24px!important;
height:24px!important;
display:block;
transition:opacity 0.5s;
-moz-transition:opacity 0.5s;
-webkit-transition:opacity 0.5s;
-ms-transition:opacity 0.5s;
-o-transition:opacity 0.5s;
}
body div#devskin13850831 .gr-body .gr .grf-indent .bottom a:hover {
opacity:0.5;
filter:alpha(opacity=50);
_zoom:1;
}
/* ------------------------------ CUSTOM ------------------------------ */
body div#devskin13850831 .text h1, body div#devskin13850831 .text h2, body div#devskin13850831 .text h3, body div#devskin13850831 .text h4, body div#devskin13850831 .text h5, body div#devskin13850831 .text h6 {
font-family:'Ubuntu', 'Open Sans', 'Trebuchet MS', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
color:#E4375B;
font-weight:500;
letter-spacing:0.02em;
line-height:20px;
}
body div#devskin13850831 .text .white h1, body div#devskin13850831 .text .white h2, body div#devskin13850831 .text .white h3, body div#devskin13850831 .text .white h4, body div#devskin13850831 .text .white h5, body div#devskin13850831 .text .white h6 {
color:#f3f3f3!important;
display:block;
font-family:'Ubuntu', 'Open Sans', 'Trebuchet MS', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
letter-spacing:0.02em;
font-weight:bold;
text-shadow:#333333 0px 1px 4px;
}
body div#devskin13850831 .text h1 {
font-size:32px;
line-height:40px;
}
body div#devskin13850831 .text h2 {
font-size:28px;
line-height:40px;
}
body div#devskin13850831 .text h3 {
font-size:24px;
}
body div#devskin13850831 .text h4 {
font-size:21px;
}
body div#devskin13850831 .text h5 {
font-size:18px;
}
body div#devskin13850831 .text h6 {
font-size:14px;
}
body div#devskin13850831 .text blockquote {
border-bottom:1px solid;
font-family:Tinos, Georgia;
font-size:21px;
font-style:italic;
line-height:28px;
margin:20px 40px;
padding:0 40px 20px 40px;
position:relative;
text-align:center;
}
body div#devskin13850831 .text blockquote i {
font-size:14px;
position:absolute;
right:0;
bottom:-30px;
}
body div#devskin13850831 .text p, body div#devskin13850831 .text .dark {
background:#bcc8ba;
border-radius:6px;
-moz-border-radius:6px;
-webkit-border-radius:6px;
margin:20px 0;
padding:20px;
}
body div#devskin13850831 .text p strong {
display:block;
font-family:'Ubuntu', 'Open Sans', 'Trebuchet MS', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
color:#E4375B;
letter-spacing:0.02em;
font-size:120%;
margin:10px 0;
}
body div#devskin13850831 .text .indent {
background:transparent;
margin:0;
padding:0 40px;
}
body div#devskin13850831 .text ul, body div#devskin13850831 .text ol {
list-style-position:outside;
margin-left:30px;
}
body div#devskin13850831 .text ul li {
list-style-image:url('https://fc04.deviantart.net/fs70/f/2014/184/7/4/bullet_by_pica_ae-d7p0s6d.png');
margin-bottom:10px;
}
body div#devskin13850831 .text ol li {
margin-bottom:10px;
}
body div#devskin13850831 .text ul li ul {
list-style-type:none;
margin:10px 0 10px 20px;
}
body div#devskin13850831 .text ul li ul li {
list-style-image:none;
}
body div#devskin13850831 .text ul li ul li::before {
content:' ';
display:block;
float:left;
background:#f05473;
border-radius:4px;
-moz-border-radius:4px;
-webkit-border-radius:4px;
box-shadow:#FFFFFF 0px 1px 0px, #a6b1a6 0px -1px 0px;
-moz-box-shadow:#FFFFFF 0px 1px 0px, #a6b1a6 0px -1px 0px;
-webkit-box-shadow:#FFFFFF 0px 1px 0px, #a6b1a6 0px -1px 0px;
height:5px;
width:5px;
margin:7px 6px 0 -14px;
}
body div#devskin13850831 .text ul li ul li ul {
list-style-type:none;
margin:10px 0 10px 20px;
}
body div#devskin13850831 .text ul li ul li ul li {
list-style-image:none;
}
body div#devskin13850831 .text ul li ul li ul li::before {
content:' ';
display:block;
float:left;
background:#5d625d;
border-radius:4px;
-moz-border-radius:4px;
-webkit-border-radius:4px;
box-shadow:#FFFFFF 0px 1px 0px, #a6b1a6 0px -1px 0px;
-moz-box-shadow:#FFFFFF 0px 1px 0px, #a6b1a6 0px -1px 0px;
-webkit-box-shadow:#FFFFFF 0px 1px 0px, #a6b1a6 0px -1px 0px;
height:5px;
width:5px;
margin:7px 6px 0 -14px;
}
body div#devskin13850831 .text ul li ul li ul li ul {
list-style-type:none;
margin:10px 0 10px 20px;
}
body div#devskin13850831 .text ul li ul li ul li ul li {
list-style-image:none;
}
body div#devskin13850831 .text ul li ul li ul li ul li::before {
content:' ';
display:block;
float:left;
background:transparent;
border:1px solid #5d625d;
border-radius:4px;
-moz-border-radius:4px;
-webkit-border-radius:4px;
box-shadow:#FFFFFF 0px 1px 0px, #a6b1a6 0px -1px 0px;
-moz-box-shadow:#FFFFFF 0px 1px 0px, #a6b1a6 0px -1px 0px;
-webkit-box-shadow:#FFFFFF 0px 1px 0px, #a6b1a6 0px -1px 0px;
height:3px;
width:3px;
margin:7px 6px 0 -14px;
}
body div#devskin13850831 .text hr {
border-top:1px dotted #8b958b;
border-bottom:1px dotted #f9fbf9;
}
body div#devskin13850831 .button a {
background:#B73E62;
box-shadow:inset 0 1px 0 #F77992, inset 0 20px 10px -10px #c23e66, 0 1px 3px 0 #6C7C6E;
-moz-box-shadow:inset 0 1px 0 #F77992, inset 0 20px 10px -10px #c23e66, 0 1px 3px 0 #6C7C6E;
-webkit-box-shadow:inset 0 1px 0 #F77992, inset 0 20px 10px -10px #c23e66, 0 1px 3px 0 #6C7C6E;
border:1px solid #AE1837;
border-radius:4px;
-moz-border-radius:4px;
-webkit-border-radius:4px;
color:#FFFFFF;
padding:10px 20px;
text-shadow:none;
transition:all 1s;
-moz-transition:all 1s;
-webkit-transition:all 1s;
-ms-transition:all 1s;
-o-transition:all 1s;
}
body div#devskin13850831 .button a:hover {
background:#E43A5D;
box-shadow:inset 0 1px 0 #F47C94, inset 0 20px 10px -10px #E43A5D, 0 1px 5px 0 #6C7C6E;
-moz-box-shadow:inset 0 1px 0 #F47C94, inset 0 20px 10px -10px #E43A5D, 0 1px 5px 0 #6C7C6E;
-webkit-box-shadow:inset 0 1px 0 #F47C94, inset 0 20px 10px -10px #E43A5D, 0 1px 5px 0 #6C7C6E;
text-shadow:#AE1837 0px -1px 0px, #ED6581 0px -1px 0px;
}
body div#devskin13850831 .note {
background:#ffe566;
box-shadow:#bcc8ba 0px 2px 4px, inset #fff6cc 0px 1px 3px;
-moz-box-shadow:#bcc8ba 0px 2px 4px, inset #fff6cc 0px 1px 3px;
-webkit-box-shadow:#bcc8ba 0px 2px 4px, inset #fff6cc 0px 1px 3px;
margin:20px;
padding:20px;
position:relative;
}
body div#devskin13850831 .columns, body div#devskin13850831 .columns-p {
display:block;
overflow:hidden;
}
body div#devskin13850831 .columns p, body div#devskin13850831 .columns .half {
background:transparent;
display:inline-block;
float:left;
margin-right:1%;
padding:0 0 10px 0;
width:48%;
}
body div#devskin13850831 .columns-p p {
display:inline-block;
float:left;
padding:20px;
max-width:420px;
}
body div#devskin13850831 .columns-p p:first-of-type {
margin:0 20px 0 0;
}
body div#devskin13850831 .columns-p p:last-of-type {
margin:0 0 0 0;
}
body div#devskin13850831 .columns .half ul, body div#devskin13850831 .columns .half ol {
margin-left:20px;
}
body div#devskin13850831 .interview {
display:block;
font-family:Tinos, Georgia;
font-size:18px;
font-style:italic;
margin:0;
padding:0;
position:relative;
}
body div#devskin13850831 .interview .avatar {
float:left;
margin-top:25px;
}
body div#devskin13850831 .interview p .avatar {
float:none;
margin-top:0;
}
body div#devskin13850831 .interview p {
background:#FFFFFF;
border-radius:10px;
-moz-border-radius:10px;
-webkit-border-radius:10px;
box-shadow:0 2px 4px #6C7C6E;
-moz-box-shadow:0 2px 4px #6C7C6E;
-webkit-box-shadow:0 2px 4px #6C7C6E;
display:block;
font-family:Verdana, sans-serif;
font-size:14px;
font-style:normal;
margin:15px 0px 0px 70px;
padding:15px 15px 15px 30px;
position:relative;
}
body div#devskin13850831 .interview p::before {
content:' ';
display:block;
background:#dae4d9;
box-shadow:inset 0 2px 4px #6C7C6E;
-moz-box-shadow:inset 0 2px 4px #6C7C6E;
-webkit-box-shadow:inset 0 2px 4px #6C7C6E;
position:absolute;
top:30px;
left:-10px;
height:20px;
width:20px;
transform:rotate(45deg);
-moz-transform:rotate(45deg);
-webkit-transform:rotate(45deg);
-ms-transform:rotate(45deg);
-o-transform:rotate(45deg);
}
body div#devskin13850831 .interview p::after {
content:' ';
display:block;
background:#dae4d9;
border-radius:4px;
-moz-border-radius:4px;
-webkit-border-radius:4px;
position:absolute;
top:26px;
left:-20px;
height:28px;
width:20px;
}
/* ------------------------------ THUMBS ------------------------------ */
body div#devskin13850831 .shadow-holder {
margin:5px;
vertical-align:middle;
transition:background 1s;
-moz-transition:background 1s;
-webkit-transition:background 1s;
-ms-transition:background 1s;
-o-transition:background 1s;
}
body div#devskin13850831 .shadow-holder:hover {
box-shadow:0 0 4px #B8D1B6;
-moz-box-shadow:0 0 4px #B8D1B6;
-webkit-box-shadow:0 0 4px #B8D1B6;
}
body div#devskin13850831 .shadow-holder a.lit {
background:#E0E8DC;
border:1px solid #FFFFFF;
width:170px;
height:150px;
}
body div#devskin13850831 .shadow-holder .wrap q, body div#devskin13850831 p .shadow-holder .wrap q {
background:#E7EDE6;
font-family:Tinos, Georgia, serif;
font-size:14px;
font-style:italic;
font-weight:normal;
padding:10px;
position:absolute;
right:0;
left:0;
}
body div#devskin13850831 .shadow-holder .wrap q strong {
margin-bottom:10px;
}
body div#devskin13850831 p .shadow-holder .wrap q strong {
color:#5d625d;
font-family:Tinos, Georgia, serif;
font-size:14px;
margin:0 0 10px 0;
}
body div#devskin13850831 .embedded-deviation {
vertical-align:middle;
transition:background 1s;
-moz-transition:background 1s;
-webkit-transition:background 1s;
-ms-transition:background 1s;
-o-transition:background 1s;
}
/* thumbs in feat */
body div#devskin13850831 .feat .shadow-holder, body div#devskin13850831 .feat .embedded-deviation {
background:#E4375B;
box-shadow:inset 0 1px 0 #F77992, inset 0 20px 10px -10px #E85A78, 0 1px 3px 0 #6C7C6E;
-moz-box-shadow:inset 0 1px 0 #F77992, inset 0 20px 10px -10px #E85A78, 0 1px 3px 0 #6C7C6E;
-webkit-box-shadow:inset 0 1px 0 #F77992, inset 0 20px 10px -10px #E85A78, 0 1px 3px 0 #6C7C6E;
border:1px solid #AE1837;
margin:5px;
padding:5px;
vertical-align:middle;
transition:background 1s;
-moz-transition:background 1s;
-webkit-transition:background 1s;
-ms-transition:background 1s;
-o-transition:background 1s;
}
body div#devskin13850831 .feat .shadow-holder:hover, body div#devskin13850831 .feat .embedded-deviation:hover {
background:#E74B6C;
box-shadow:inset 0 1px 0 #F47C94, inset 0 20px 10px -10px #ED6581, 0 1px 5px 0 #6C7C6E;
-moz-box-shadow:inset 0 1px 0 #F47C94, inset 0 20px 10px -10px #ED6581, 0 1px 5px 0 #6C7C6E;
-webkit-box-shadow:inset 0 1px 0 #F47C94, inset 0 20px 10px -10px #ED6581, 0 1px 5px 0 #6C7C6E;
}
body div#devskin13850831 .shadow-holder .mild .thumb img, body div#devskin13850831 .shadow-holder a.lit, body div#devskin13850831 .feat .shadow-holder .mild .thumb img, body div#devskin13850831 .feat .embedded-deviation img, body div#devskin13850831 .feat .shadow-holder a.lit {
vertical-align:middle;
}
body div#devskin13850831 .feat .shadow-holder a.lit {
background:transparent;
border:none;
width:170px;
height:150px;
}
body div#devskin13850831 .feat .shadow-holder a.lit img, body div#devskin13850831 .shadow-holder a.lit img {
display:none;
}
body div#devskin13850831 .feat .shadow-holder .wrap q {
background:transparent;
color:#FFFFFF;
font-family:Tinos, Georgia, serif;
font-size:14px;
font-style:italic;
font-weight:normal;
margin:0;
padding:5px;
position:absolute;
right:0;
left:0;
}
body div#devskin13850831 .feat .shadow-holder .wrap q strong {
margin-bottom:10px;
}
body div#devskin13850831 .feat {
text-align:center;
background:transparent;
padding:0;
margin:0;
}
body div#devskin13850831 .embedded-deviation {
width:inherit;
}
/* ------------------------- FOOTER ------------------------- */
body div#devskin13850831 .buttons {
position:absolute;
left:20px;
bottom:16px;
color:#DAE4D9!important;
z-index:99;
padding:0px 0px 0px 0px!important;
height:27px;
font-size:0px;
}
body div#devskin13850831 .buttons a {
transition:opacity 0.5s;
-moz-transition:opacity 0.5s;
-webkit-transition:opacity 0.5s;
-ms-transition:opacity 0.5s;
-o-transition:opacity 0.5s;
}
body div#devskin13850831 .buttons img {
padding-right:8px;
}
body div#devskin13850831 .buttons a:hover {
opacity:0.5;
filter:alpha(opacity=50);
_zoom:1;
}
/* ------------------------- HEADER ------------------------- */
body div#devskin13850831 .header {
background:transparent;
height:375px;
position:absolute;
top:-174px;
right:0;
left:0;
}
body div#devskin13850831 .header br {
display:none;
}
body div#devskin13850831 .header .pe-regular a {
display:block;
background:url('https://fc01.deviantart.net/fs70/o/2013/024/0/0/350289350_646745_322748439_464988_header2.png') no-repeat center top;
height:188px;
max-width:800px;
margin:0 auto;
text-align:center;
}
body div#devskin13850831 .header .pe-art-history a {
display:block;
background:url('https://fc08.deviantart.net/fs70/f/2014/184/e/a/pe_art_history_by_pica_ae-d7p0s4y.png') no-repeat center top;
height:188px;
max-width:800px;
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Trad Art: Tools of your Trade Week
I love inks. I also love oils. And it’s always irked me that it’s near impossible to achieve an inky look with oils. Oil paint, when mixed with medium like Mineral Spirit or Turpentine, runs, but not like ink would. It bleeds, much like a wet on wet approach with ink does. Just worse.
In the past few years I've made several attempts at getting this elusive inky oil look, but nothing really panned out. Then, not too long ago, I was in one of those moods where I wanted to try again after I had had an idea that I was pretty sure could actually work...
It's not exactly like ink, no. But it also does not look like bleeding oils. And that made me happy.
Soft Pastels and Oil Paints
Most of you reading this will likely know what both of them are, but on the off-chance that someone does not, here is a short introduction:
Soft Pastels
They are drawing sticks made from pure pigments, and a small amount of Gum Arabic acting as a binder. They break easily and can be quite crumbly, but their high pigment load makes them awesome, because the colours are very intense.
Oil Paints
They are made from pigments mixed with either Linseed or Safflower oil, sometimes a combination of both. Some cheap brands also like to add wax, and it simply makes the paint less workable, and endlessly frustrating to use.
SAFETY GUIDELINES:
- Pastels can create a lot of dust, and inhaling it can do more than just irritate your airways. While most pastel pigments these days are synthetic and non-toxic, caution while using them is still strongly advised. Don't drink, eat or smoke while using them, and wash your hands after using them.
- Many high quality oil paints still use natural pigments, and a good number of them can be extremely toxic when touched, inhaled, or ingested (seriously, don’t put your brush handle into your mouth). If this is the case, warning labels will be printed on the tubes. Always read the label. Even if there are no hazard warnings, or it says the pigment is inorganic or synthetic, be mindful when using them: it does not mean they are harmless. Do not eat, drink, or smoke while using them, and always wash your hands thoroughly after use, even if you decide to wear gloves.
Example of warning labels on Vasari and Maimeri paint tubes.
- Mineral Spirit and other oil painting mediums can cause dizziness, headaches, and irritation of your skin and airways. Always work in a well ventilated room. Yes, even when you use odourless solvents. They are still very bad for you to breathe in.
- (Spray) Varnish falls into the same category as Mineral Spirit. Do not inhale it, and use it only in a very well ventilated room, or better still, outside if you can. Use protective sheets or plastic covers to prevent damage or staining to tiles or furniture.
- Do not sleep in the same room you are painting in, or that your paintings are drying in. Ever. Just no.
Here is a short article on the Toxicity of Pigments, including a list of toxic pigments, in case you want to know what you are working with: carolineroberts.blogspot.com/2…
Materials
Now that I scared you sufficiently with the above warnings, because they should not be taken lightly, let's take a look at what I use for this technique.
- Soft Pastels
- Artist Grade Mineral Spirit
- Oil paints
- Brushes in various shapes & sizes - bristle and soft hair
- Canvas paper or canvas panel
- Kneadable eraser
- Cotton buds
- Paper towels
- Spray Fixative & Spray Varnish
On a sidennote, 5 of the 8 oil paints in this photo are toxic... you're welcome.
Stretched canvas is no good for this technique, because you cannot really put much pressure on it without causing irreversible indentations in the canvas. Wood boards work as well if they have been primed properly with several layers of acrylic gesso (which is a suitable ground for oil painting). You will also want to stay away from normal paper of any kind, as it may not handle the Mineral Spirit well, or the rather aggressive use of brushes, and will most certainly be destroyed by the oils if you choose to use them. Never use oil paint on porous surfaces. It will sink right in and cause the painting support to rot, i.e. un-gessoed wood, paper, card, carton, untreated canvas, fabric, etc.
PRO TIP: ARTIST MATERIALS
Any soft pastels and oil colours available in art supply stores will do. A good entry brand is Windsor & Newton (Winton Oils - the student line). Stay away from super cheap no name oils or pastels that you may be able to buy at Walmart or someplace like that, as they will only bring you frustration. Honestly. Waste of money.
On the other hand, you won’t need to buy the most expensive professional materials out there either to get great results, so don’t use that as an excuse for not being able to get soft pastels or oils. Or that your drawings don’t look any good. ;]
To start with I usually make a sketch with the pastels. I don’t want to use pencils for this because the graphite will mix with the pastel and cause brighter colours to look dull and muddy. Not a pretty look. Pastels can be erased, so it’s much like working with charcoal.
Don’t use too much pressure when you start your sketch. Removing faint lines is easier than trying to remove heavy pressure marks. The kneadable eraser is great for this because it lifts the pigment off the surface, rather than rubbing it out.
Once you have the initial faint sketch, you can go in a little heavier. For even coverage without visible lines, lay the stick on its side and use it that way. You may have to break it for this, if the surface you are working on is too small to use the entire stick on its side. Soft pastel is lovely in that you can smudge it very easily with your fingers, or even a brush or cotton bud. For this technique though, I found leaving things un-smudged works perfectly fine, because I do like some texture in my work. If you don't like that, go ahead and smudge!
This stage would be the one where you could really draw the entire thing - whatever it is you are drawing - with the pastels. There is no need to go into insane details, however, at least not just yet.
Once you are happy with what you have, you can grab your brushes and the Mineral Spirit, and start applying it to the drawing.
PRO TIP: KEEP A LID ON IT
Pour the Mineral Spirit into a glass jar that has a lid (an empty jam jar will do!), or a metal cup that has a lid. Using plastic containers for it is not ideal, and not having a lid is not an option. You want to be able to close the jar when not in use. Trust me. Your head and body will thank you later.
You only need about an inch of Mineral Spirit in the jar, that is more than enough to work on several pictures. As pigments from cleaned brushes sink to the bottom of the jar if you let it stand for a while, it leaves the Mineral Spirit perfectly useable.
You can use as much or as little Mineral Spirit as you want - play with it to see what you like best.
It’s literally like melting aquarelle pencils with water. The more loaded the brush is with Mineral Spirit, the more runny and washy it gets. If you want visible details or some defined lines, dab your brush on a paper towel to remove the excess Mineral Spirit.
Let it sit for a moment, just to allow the pigment to fully saturate with Mineral Spirit. Of course you could just let it dry now, but here are a few things you can still do with it while it's wet:
You can go in again with more Mineral Spirit and a bristle brush to really even out the wash. A soft hair brush won't work. It may take some scrubbing, so using a cheaper synthetic brush that you don't mind ruining is ideal.
Different Effects
You can add effects such as drips or spatters, simply by adding more Mineral Spirit, moving the brush through the colour, and then adding them by tilting your surface or tapping the brush on your finger.
You can also use the blowing technique. For this, adding more pastel would be beneficial, melting it directly into the still wet surface, and then adding some more Mineral Spirit. You blow either using a straw for a more targeted approach, or, like me in this case, just blow and see where it may end up. You can even dab the excess pigment with a paper towel or cotton bud to bring everything back to a more even, lighter pigment coverage.
Lastly, you can also add more pastel to get a more intense look or sharper edges. You can leave it like that and let it dry, or gently go over it again with some Mineral Spirit and a soft brush to blend it in.
And this is a good point to step away from it and let it dry, especially if you added drips or spatters. Those get smeared easily, and that's never a good look.
I let it dry over night. It's sunnier now, hence the yellow tinge to the photos.
Once fully dry, you may find that the colours are a little too pale for your taste. If you like it that way, you can skip the next step of adding more pastel and repeating the process of gently blending it with the Mineral Spirit and a soft brush this time. But if you want more intensity, be careful, as Mineral Spirit has the tendency to lift the previously laid down pigment off the surface again!
Let it dry just a little; it’s perfectly okay for the next step of adding oils if there is still some Mineral Spirit on the surface.
Adding Oils
Bear in mind that once you use the oil, you will need to let it dry overnight, or longer. If you only mix the oil with the Mineral Spirit, getting a fairly liquid consistency, it should dry within one to two days. If you use thicker oil paint, it will take a few days longer.
PRO TIP: FAT OVER LEAN
In oil painting the rule fat over lean has to be applied, or you are likely to end up with a painting that will crack over time, and flake off. What fat over lean means is that oily layers - pure oil paint or oil paint mixed with more oil or medium that contains oil - need to go over lean layers, which are oil paint diluted with non-oily mediums such as Mineral Spirit.
The reason is that oil paint, while drying (technically it doesn’t dry, it oxidises), stretches and contracts, and even continues to do so afterwards, and the more oil is in it, the more flexible it will be. Lean layers are rigid, because the oil has been broken down by the Mineral Spirit, which causes cracking of the paint if it is applied over fat oil layers.
Any non-porous surface will do to use as a palette for your oils. If you use a plate, please do not ever use it again for food. I’m using a paper palette for this, which is a pad that has 50 sheets of non-porous paper in it for single use. It’s white, and while not completely ideal for painting, it’s good for photos to show the colours.
Put a tiny amount of oil paint on your palette - really, you won’t need much. Don’t mix the Mineral Spirit into it directly, rather take an even smaller amount with your brush, smear it onto the palette, then dip your brush into the Mineral Spirit, dab it as necessary, and then add it to the small smear you’ve just made.
The wet stuff around the violet and red paint is Linseed oil - it can separate in the tube, but doesn't mean it can't be used.
And yes, that grey does not match the pastel stick I used. But that's okay. You'll see.
The reason for this is not just less mess, but also less waste of paint. Oil paint remains wet for a long time, but only in its pure form or when mixed with more Linseed of Safflower oil. Also, doing this gives you a chance to add more undiluted paint to your mix without having to add more from the tube.
Grab a soft brush, and start adding the oil paint to your piece. Be gentle, and it is not really necessary to constantly dip your brush into the Mineral Spirit, as all that will do is dilute the oil even further. If you are working with multiple colours in one piece, use several brushes for wildly different colours, and the same brush for similar colours, simply wiping it (not completely cleaning it!) between switching colours.
You can let it dry now, or go in again with the pastels! I’m serious. It creates some nice texture and intense coverage of pigment. And it won’t hurt the pastel stick either, just wipe it afterwards.
You can leave it like that and let it dry, or go in once again with the oils - gently so, as before. At this point don’t add too much Mineral Spirit, or you’ll end up with a crumbly mess that looks patchy (unless that’s exactly what you want, then by all means, go for it).
More oils on the left, while the right remained untouched after the first oil layer.
You can keep adding paint and pastel like this for as long as you want or need to. I stopped at this point, though if I were working on an actual drawing, I would probably go in a few more times with targeted touch ups of pastels and oils. And as said, of course you can use different colours together. Just bear in mind that using too many colours in one mix will create a muddy, dull colour. So if you want to keep your colours bright and clean, use only 3 pigments in one mix.
No colour mixes here, just a demo of single colour spheres. :]
Final Touches
Last but not least, let the piece dry completely. The more oil you’ve used, the longer the drying time. Oil can feel dry to the touch after a day or two, but if it’s thicker, give it a couple of weeks before moving to this final step, just to be on the safe side.
Because soft pastels need fixing if you don’t want them to come off your canvas paper, getting Spray Fixative is useful. Yes, even if you used oils on parts of the pastel drawing. Better safe than sorry. Once that is dry - usually it only takes 5 to 10 minutes - you can use Spray Varnish to finalise it. Just make sure the varnish you use is good to use with oils.
The reason I am suggesting Spray Varnish is because varnish that needs to be applied with a brush may actually smear the areas in your piece that are predominantly soft pastel, even with the fixative on it. And that’s something you’d want to avoid.
NOTE: Oils should never be varnished until fully dry, as otherwise cracking will occur due to the above mentioned fat over lean rule. For this reason, traditional oil paintings are usually not varnished for at least 6 months, to reduce the chance of cracking. With this technique, however, provided you didn't use pure oil or oil mixed with more oil, it'll be safe to varnish it after a week or so.
And that's it!
All in all, this is a fun way of sprucing up your sketches, or even just to practice, as it’s a relatively quick process.
Now go make art!
NykolaiAleksander — Mixing Soft Pastels and Oils
