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RPerboni — #dinovember2019 - Part 2

#dinosaur #theropod #dicraeosaurid #carcharodontosaurus #iguanodon #ornithopod #paleoart #paleontology #sauropod #dinovember #bajadasaurus
Published: 2020-04-16 12:45:37 +0000 UTC; Views: 1649; Favourites: 33; Downloads: 0
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Description The last thread I posted in my personal IG account  www.instagram.com/perbonirenat… 

Dinosaurs has always been a passion of mine. But this thread is very important to me not only for that reason. At the end of last year my head asked for rest and care. Everything was starting to weigh and I finally started a treatment with a psychiatrist and psychologist, which I continue to this day.

My idea, as with the drawings of Brazilian folklore, was also to take the opportunity to educate lay people. I am not a scientist and at most amateur paleoartist , but I think that combining art and knowledge is the best thing that an illustrator can do. So I will post the descriptions that I did on IG here too. Any mistake I made please point here, both in the text and in the drawings.

* Iguanodon bernissartensis - One of the first dinosaurs to be named by the British physician Gideon Martell in 1825, the Iguanodon is one of the best understood genera among dinosaurs, considering the rich fossil material of this animal found in several European countries as well as in North America and parts from Asia, including complete skeletons. This animal existed in a transition period in its clade, with the small biped and fast ornithopods of the Middle Jurassic giving way to the Cretaceous flat-nosed hadrosaurs, with fossils of the genus Iguanodon dating from the Early Cretaceous (130-113 million years a. EC).
Possibly being herd animals, the Iguanodon were burly herbivores, measuring up to 10 meters in length and weighing around 3 tons, which could, like the hadrosaurs that would come later, move on four legs or stand on their hind legs, whether to run or use their powerful arms to defend itself, using the spurs on their thumbs as weapons against predators and rivals - intraspecific fighting would possibly leave scars, which could lead males to develop thicker skin around the neck, which would be a region targeted by the attacker, since a spur in the jugular or trachea would certainly be fatal (The original idea of this type of reconstruction came from the wonderful illustrations by Keenan Taylor, which can be seen here fav.me/ddqjvo5 and here fav.me/dcrkui5 )
Certainly the most famous representation of this animal is in Disney 's "Dinosaur" - which I personally love to this day and decided to pay tribute with the Iguanodon's color scheme and a small mammal on its back, since they have a central role in the film.


* Bajadasaurus pronuspinax - Described in 2019, Bajadasaurus is a genus of sauropod, the large long-necked herbivorous dinosaurs, found in northern Patagonia in Early Cretaceous rocks (144-134 million years BC), being a notable specimen for both the two ranks of elongated neural spines on its vertebrae - similar to that of the genus Amargasaurus, also discovered in Argentina - as well as for having cranial material in its fossils, something relatively rare for sauropods, with orbits on top of the head and pencil-shaped teeth just in front of their jaws, probably used to uproot plants like a rake. The formation of Bajada Colorada presents sediments that suggest an environment dominated by a water basin, which is why the dinosaur is represented here feeding on aquatic vegetation, which could be an abundant food source in the region.
With an estimated size between 10 and 13 meters in length, the Bajadasaurus was part of a clade of Gondwana - the southern hemisphere's continental mass - sauropods called Dicreaosauridae, characterized by their comparatively smaller dimensions than other clades, such as their closest relatives, the immense diplodocids, and short necks for a sauropod. Theories as to why this unusual morphology suggests that dicraeosaurids fed on plants whose heights ranged from pasture close to the ground to a medium size, being unable to feed on leaves and branches on tthe tallest trees for example. This ecological niche of "medium browsers", like some species of antelopes and rhinos, indicates that the dicraeosaurids would be an example of convergent evolution towards the hadrosaurs and iguanodons of Laurasia - northern hemisphere -, that until now have no fossils on the continents of the south, while short-necked sauropods seem to take their places.

* Carharodontosaurus saharicus - One of the largest terrestrial predators that has ever existed, the Carcharodontosaurus was a theropod native to Gondwana that lived between 100 and 90 million years ago in the Early Cretaceous. Its first fossils were teeth found in Algeria in 1925, followed by the description of fossils from the Bahariya Formation in Egypt, by the German paleontologist Ernst Stromer, who were present in Munich until 1944, when the Stromer collection was destroyed in World War II. New discoveries were made in the following years, in the Kem Kem Formation in Morocco, and in the Echkar Formation in Niger. All regions where Carcharodontosaurus was found appear to belong to extensive river basins, similar to the Amazon, which housed a huge variety of fish, crocodilomorphs and other dinosaurs such as some species of sauropods, the latter probably being the main prey of this animal.
Measuring about 13 meters and weighing up to 8 tons, the Carcharodontosaurus had a long skull, about 1.6 meters long, with jaws full of serrated teeth like those of a white shark - whose genus is precisely Carcharodon. In addition to North Africa, there are indications that teeth very similar to those of the members of the family Carcharodontosauridae in the state of Maranhão, showing that perhaps the species was present in Brazil during the Early Cretaceous. The fauna of the time in northern Brazil resembles in many respects those found in the formations described in North Africa, since there was very little time - geologically - that Africa and South America had separated. The fact that Carcharodontosaurus could be present in Brazil allowed me to be accurate enough to include a small tapejarid - pterosaurs native to South America, whose beak shape indicates that it was an herbivore or omnivore - along with the dino.

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