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AnonymousLlama428 — Prehistoric Russia: Steppe camel

Published: 2017-01-21 02:43:52 +0000 UTC; Views: 2510; Favourites: 85; Downloads: 7
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Description Another concept piece for Prehistoric Russia , for the episode Altai.

Here in the Siberian Altai, we see a Steppe camel (Camelus knoblochi), in early winter, striding through some of the rich steppe grasses, dappled with snow, among scattered boreal forest.
The steppe camel existed primarily during the Middle Pleistocene, when its range was at its greatest, spanning from Eastern Europe to Transbaikalia, though it is known from various Late Pleistocene sites as well, where it had a reduced range, between the Ural mountains and Northeastern China, inhabiting parts of what is now Central Asia and Southern Siberia. It is the largest camelid known to have spanned Eurasia, exceeding even the modern Bactrian camel (Camelus ferus and Camelus bactrianus) in size. The late Pleistocene remains of this species are scant, and have been suggested by some to merely represent Bactrian camels, believed by some to be directly descended from the steppe camel.

When its remains were first discovered, it was assumed that the steppe camel was representative of arid environments, like the modern species, but with more findings and associated fauna, it was clear that this camel was part of the Mammuthus primigenius-Coelodonta antiquitatis faunal complex, being at home in steppe or even forest-steppe environments, as opposed to being a desert animal. In the increasingly arid conditions present in parts of the Late Pleistocene, it appears that the steppe camel was unable to survive in the dry climates, and was replaced by the hardier, albeit smaller, Bactrian camel.
Even modern feral camels (Dromedaries in this case) appear to show a preference to softer, more juicy vegetation to tough desert plants. Indeed, reduction in the number of available water sources has been a major factor influencing the success of camels in the wild today, despite their hardy physiology. Adaptations of both extant and fossil varieties suggest an ability to feed on canopy vegetation, so it appears that adaptations to life in arid conditions are recent and were absent in the Plio-Pleistocene camelines, and that the flexibility of their feeding habits allowed them to spread across the world and survive in differing environments. Camels may prosper better in non-arid environments, but appear to have been restricted to arid environments by competition from more competitive herbivores in other areas.

Tito v, V. V. , 2008. Habitat conditions for Camelus knoblochi and factors in its extinction. Quaternary International 179(1) 120–125.

Unfortunately, no exact dates exist for when exactly in the Late Pleistocene the steppe camel became extinct, so I'm taking a slight liberty by placing it 45,000 years ago in Prehistoric Russia.

In accordance to my inclusion if this species during MIS 3, I did my homework. According to Bolikhovskaya et al. 2014, palynological evidence from the Gorny-Altai (=Northwestern Altai= my preferred location) reveals a mix of forest and steppe:

The Karga Interglacial (MIS 3) is represented by Denisova stratum 11 and Ust-Karakol strata 11–8. Available data suggest a relatively cold and humid climate. Spruce forests with Siberian pine prevailed in the Anui valley. During climatic optima, the portion of birch increased whereas elm, linden, and hazel appeared.

    At Karama, the Karga Interglacial correlates with a buried soil embedded in subaerial covering deposits. Pollen spectra from the buried soil (Fig. 2) attest to the presence of thick spruce forests, which means that dark coniferous taiga in the Anui valley descended to the modern upper limit of the alpine forest-steppe belt.


PLEISTOCENE ENVIRONMENTS OF NORTHWESTERN ALTAI: VEGETATION AND CLIMATE

FUN FACT:
As it turns out, the Zimov family hope to one day add Bactrian camels to their Pleistocene Park in Cherskiy, Yakutia/Sakha Republic, Russia, presumably as a stand-in for the steppe camel.
www.geocurrents.info/place/rus…
However, it should be noted that steppe camels never reached that far north. Just check this map:  sta.sh/01wfk4bejdq7

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           

Additionally, I couldn't help but do something really weird.
I am the "mastermind" behind 's PARC Contest: Obscurity and, after checking if it was OK with , I'm going to submit this as an entry... to my own contest
Why? I don't really expect to or want to win, nor am I drawn to it by the incentives of winning.

It's just that this is a species that I don't want to see go to waste.

I found a total of 4 reconstructions of this, by 2 paleoartists. This'll make me the 3rd paleoartist to reconstruct it, creating the 5th reconstruction of it, maxing out the number of reconstructions applicable.
3 by Roman Uchytel (same camel, different backgrounds, but I'll be generous):
prehistoric-fauna.com/image/ca…
prehistoric-fauna.com/image/ca…
prehistoric-fauna.com/image/ca…

And 1 by , where it has a cameo appearance:
www.deviantart.com/art/Prehist…

AFAIK I don't have an unfair advantage since people will vote for the winner (unless I were to rig them, which I don't know how to do).

Update: Adjusted the brightness and contrast to my liking, and adjusted the cropping of the original scanned image (yes, I first uploaded a cropped one.)
Damn, the horizon's angle looks off. Plus, the two fir trees in the far right are wonky.

Here's the original, uncropped version:
sta.sh/0i4e71o6ap1

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Comments: 35

Bleskobleska-Yandere [2017-01-27 11:43:51 +0000 UTC]

Awesome OuO

👍: 0 ⏩: 1

AnonymousLlama428 In reply to Bleskobleska-Yandere [2017-01-27 17:12:31 +0000 UTC]

Thanks!!!!!!

👍: 0 ⏩: 0

Kutchicetus-Minimus [2017-01-21 17:55:32 +0000 UTC]

Nice!

👍: 0 ⏩: 1

AnonymousLlama428 In reply to Kutchicetus-Minimus [2017-01-21 19:44:49 +0000 UTC]

Thanks!!!!!!!

👍: 0 ⏩: 1

Kutchicetus-Minimus In reply to AnonymousLlama428 [2017-01-21 20:41:54 +0000 UTC]

Your welcome!

👍: 0 ⏩: 0

RaptorGorilla [2017-01-21 13:04:42 +0000 UTC]

Awesome !

👍: 0 ⏩: 1

AnonymousLlama428 In reply to RaptorGorilla [2017-01-21 16:45:29 +0000 UTC]

Thanks!!!

👍: 0 ⏩: 0

Ursumeles [2017-01-21 12:54:16 +0000 UTC]

U could also buy the voters.
Nice drawing!

👍: 0 ⏩: 1

AnonymousLlama428 In reply to Ursumeles [2017-01-21 16:45:22 +0000 UTC]

YUHS ILL PAY MONEE TO BUY VOTERZ SO I CAN WINZ MY OWN KONTEST!!11!!!11!11!!
DEN I DRAW MY PRAYZ FUR MUSSELF, DEN MAYK BLOG ENTRY FUR MUSSELF, DEN PROMOTE MUSSELF!111!!!!1!1!
P.S. I'm an admin, so I already have the power to make a blog/ promote myself etc. XD
Thanks!!!!

👍: 0 ⏩: 1

Ursumeles In reply to AnonymousLlama428 [2017-01-22 13:01:26 +0000 UTC]

You are an Admin in which group?

👍: 0 ⏩: 1

AnonymousLlama428 In reply to Ursumeles [2017-01-22 13:41:15 +0000 UTC]

Palaeolithikum, Prehistory-Unknown and Paleontography

👍: 0 ⏩: 1

Ursumeles In reply to AnonymousLlama428 [2017-01-23 18:26:46 +0000 UTC]

Palaeontography?

👍: 0 ⏩: 1

AnonymousLlama428 In reply to Ursumeles [2017-01-23 19:50:11 +0000 UTC]

👍: 0 ⏩: 0

bh1324 [2017-01-21 09:35:51 +0000 UTC]

Very cool.

👍: 0 ⏩: 1

AnonymousLlama428 In reply to bh1324 [2017-01-21 16:46:23 +0000 UTC]

Thanks!

👍: 0 ⏩: 0

megabass22 [2017-01-21 08:37:10 +0000 UTC]

It looks very nice!

👍: 0 ⏩: 1

AnonymousLlama428 In reply to megabass22 [2017-01-21 16:46:32 +0000 UTC]

Thank you!

👍: 0 ⏩: 0

Trendorman [2017-01-21 04:20:43 +0000 UTC]

Love camels, I'm working on camels of the future, were the last place they roam is Australia, 50 million years in the future.

👍: 0 ⏩: 1

AnonymousLlama428 In reply to Trendorman [2017-01-21 16:46:45 +0000 UTC]

Cool, any carnivorous ones?

👍: 0 ⏩: 1

Trendorman In reply to AnonymousLlama428 [2017-01-21 17:16:44 +0000 UTC]

Nah, at this point I got one very llama ish the size of a paracaratherium and one that has no humps and a trunk...very very very lose theory on its evolution, not anyhing really basing it on anything.

👍: 0 ⏩: 1

AnonymousLlama428 In reply to Trendorman [2017-01-21 19:45:28 +0000 UTC]

Oh, Ok. The indricollama?

👍: 0 ⏩: 1

Trendorman In reply to AnonymousLlama428 [2017-01-21 20:26:12 +0000 UTC]

Kinda, but it still has a camel like face and legs. I'll upload it soon.

👍: 0 ⏩: 1

AnonymousLlama428 In reply to Trendorman [2017-01-21 21:21:45 +0000 UTC]

k

👍: 0 ⏩: 0

RajaHarimau98 [2017-01-21 03:26:28 +0000 UTC]

Definitely a good fit for the obscurity contest; never heard of this one before.

👍: 0 ⏩: 1

AnonymousLlama428 In reply to RajaHarimau98 [2017-01-21 16:47:57 +0000 UTC]

Thanks!! Yeah, there are some more Pleistocene animals I could do; this wouldn't be my first choice for the unknown contest.

👍: 0 ⏩: 0

PerfectChaos22 [2017-01-21 03:04:53 +0000 UTC]

Isn't that one of them camels that was the size of a Giraffe?

👍: 0 ⏩: 1

AnonymousLlama428 In reply to PerfectChaos22 [2017-01-21 16:48:37 +0000 UTC]

That was the Syrian camel.

👍: 0 ⏩: 1

105697 In reply to AnonymousLlama428 [2017-01-22 16:43:23 +0000 UTC]

3 meter tall and almost 2000 kg camel.

👍: 0 ⏩: 1

AnonymousLlama428 In reply to 105697 [2017-01-22 16:51:04 +0000 UTC]

That would better fit this camel, AFAIK.

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105697 In reply to AnonymousLlama428 [2017-01-22 19:44:27 +0000 UTC]

How big was the steppe camel anyway?

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AnonymousLlama428 In reply to 105697 [2017-01-22 20:10:06 +0000 UTC]

It was larger than a modern Bactrian.. Roman Uchytel made a size comparison (linked in the doobly-doo). I'd say scale that down a little (He tends to oversize things) and you got your camel. But a ton or more seems to be within the range of the camel, and I guess a height a little more than a Bactrian would be befitting.

👍: 0 ⏩: 1

105697 In reply to AnonymousLlama428 [2017-01-22 20:18:46 +0000 UTC]

okay then

👍: 0 ⏩: 1

AnonymousLlama428 In reply to 105697 [2017-01-22 20:24:02 +0000 UTC]

I wonder if they had the same murderous tendencies as modern camels.

👍: 0 ⏩: 1

105697 In reply to AnonymousLlama428 [2017-01-22 22:24:43 +0000 UTC]

maybe

👍: 0 ⏩: 1

AnonymousLlama428 In reply to 105697 [2017-01-22 22:36:52 +0000 UTC]

Damn, camelids are actually quite awesome.

👍: 0 ⏩: 0