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Description
Automatic Rifle Fedorov, 2.5-linear rifle Fedorov - Russian automatic rifle caliber 6.5mm developed gunsmith Vladimir Grigoryevich Fyodorov in 1913-1916. There was a limited combat use.

Is a precursor to the modern generation of automatic rifles (automatic "assault rifles").
In just a few years before the First World War, all the major world powers had at least prototypes or self-loading rifles. In Russia, developments in this area were engaged Roschepey J. W., P. Frolov, FV Tokarev, VA Degtyarev and other designers - solely for personal initiative, without government support.

In 1907, an automatic rifle VG Fedorov has been tested on the rifle range Infantry Officers School in Oranienbaum. The design of the rifle was improved during manufacturing and testing gunsmith landfill VA Degtyarev.

In 1911, Russian Vladimir Fedorov experienced gunsmith 5 Charger automatic (self-loading in modern terminology) rifle under domestic cartridge caliber 7,62 × 54 mm R. In this case, the Artillery Committee decided to order a batch of these rifles for the military trials. At the same time, Fedorov led the work on the creation of a new cartridge, specially adapted for use in automatic weapons.

In 1913, he began testing a new automatic (in the modern sense of the word, that is the leading fire bursts) rifle by 6.5-mm cartridge of its own design.

Cartridge Fedorov had a muzzle energy of about 3100 J (against 3600-4000 J. at regular Russian 7.62mm cartridge), which makes it more suitable for automatic weapons, and a sleeve without serving chimes, which allowed him to carry out a reliable supply of high-capacity magazine .
Cartridge 6,5 × 50mm Arisaka

But with the beginning of World War I could not walk and talk about the development and mass production of a new cartridge. In 1915 Fyodorov adjusted his rifle under even more weak Japanese chuck 6,5 × 50mm Arisaka with muzzle energy of 2615 J. These cartridges were purchased by the Government, together with the Japanese Arisaka and carbines were in warehouses in large numbers. The main producers of ammunition for the Japanese sample were Russian British firms - Kaynok, Royal Arsenal Woolwich and Petrograd ammunition plant (200-300 thousand per month, according to the factory museum).

It should be noted that the cartridge Fedorov, and Arisaka cartridge in its ballistic properties are typical rifle cartridges, though reduced caliber and power, not by any likeness of intermediate, as stated in some sources. True, this "paper" characteristics such as caliber and muzzle energy of a bullet cartridge Arisaka in the case of its use in "automatic" Fedorova (with relatively short against the conventional rifle barrel) is really comparable to the most powerful of the modern intermediate cartridge, created for a specific task hit targets that are protected by means of body armor - such as 6,8 × 43 mm Remington SPC, or 6,5 × 38 mm Grendel, - but because of the use of its design is significantly less advanced technologies and materials of the late XIX century, by weight , size and momentum return match exactly rifle cartridge (Arisaka cartridge weighed 21 grams, to the Mosin rifle cartridge - 22.7 ... 25.1 grams; their sizes were also very close), and consequently - was still too large and heavy for the successful use of manual automatic weapons such as machine in the modern sense of the word. [1] [2]
Shutter locked with two swinging larvae located symmetrically on both sides and rotating in a vertical plane. During a shot at the commencement of the trunk ago These larvae turned and released the shutter, which is then able to depart without hindrance in the rearmost position.

Question Fedorov Avtomat accessories for vending machines in the modern interpretation is currently in a position to debate [source not specified 478 days]. Bede both sides of the debate is the complete absence of both any information on the use of the machine in the battles of the Civil War, as well as organizational and structural instruments units are applied in combat Machine (regulations, manuals for soldiers and officers, and so on. D.) Therefore, any claim of affiliation or non-affiliation to the category of machine Fedorov machines are controversial and may be fairly resolved only with the advent of free access to new sources. Very limited data on the use of machine Fedorov during the Winter War with Finland give a slight advantage to supporters "automaton" machine Fedorova, despite design features and obvious shortcomings.

In the summer of 1916 in the Infantry Officers School Oranienbaum armed with automatic rifles Fedorova company of the 189th Infantry Regiment of Izmail on December 1 of the same year is sent to the front in the Romanian part of 4 158 soldiers and officers. In the autumn of the same year Sestroretsk arms factory received an order for "2.5-line rifles Fedorova." The order was not implemented, as in a war factory could not cope even with the release of the main products. However, in Sestroretsk built a special shop. Total Fedorov Avtomat issued is not known: no source indicates the origin of the numbers 3000-3200 machines, which is considered the standard.

Serial production of unfolded only after the revolution at the Kovrov plant (now Plant. Degtyareva). Before this machine was made in the Fedorova Sestroretsk arms factory, which was built a special shop. Due to the territorial claims of the neighboring Finland in the early 20s the area became essentially a front-line area, and finding it was not possible business priority. When an initial order for 15 thousand. Pieces actually from 1920 to 1924 produced 3200 machines (called "automatic" fixed for Fedorov rifle in the 1920s, with the light hand of the chief small polygon NI Filatov).

In 1922, the Red Army began the creation of individual companies, armed with machine guns Fedorova [3]

In 1923, Fedorov Avtomat undergone modernization, new sight, hammer mechanism and the store give grounds to speak about the sample in 1923 against the old model in 1916.

On arms of the Red Army machine Fedorova was until 1928. However, in 1940, during the Winter War with Finland, some of the machines in the newly arrived troops fighting in Karelia.

Fyodorov and other Soviet designers (Degtyarev, Shpitalnaya) developed on the basis of the machine a whole family of unified models of small arms, including hand and tank machine gun, twin and buildings aircraft machine gun. These are to some extent anticipated the postwar concept of unification of small arms in the Soviet Union, the United States and other countries.

In general, automatic Fyodorov, as pointed out by the author [4], proved to be insufficiently reliable and too complex design, so he had no chance of becoming a model of mass weapons. However, the analysis only available to date a reliable source operating machine - brochure edition in 1923 - shows that the main problem of the machine were not flawed construction and poor quality of construction materials - sediment components, spatter, and so on, as well as the poor quality of supplied ammunition to the troops.

Description
Automatic Rifle Fedorov, 2.5-linear rifle Fedorov - Russian automatic rifle caliber 6.5mm developed gunsmith Vladimir Grigoryevich Fyodorov in 1913-1916. There was a limited combat use.

Is a precursor to the modern generation of automatic rifles (automatic "assault rifles").
In just a few years before the First World War, all the major world powers had at least prototypes or self-loading rifles. In Russia, developments in this area were engaged Roschepey J. W., P. Frolov, FV Tokarev, VA Degtyarev and other designers - solely for personal initiative, without government support.

In 1907, an automatic rifle VG Fedorov has been tested on the rifle range Infantry Officers School in Oranienbaum. The design of the rifle was improved during manufacturing and testing gunsmith landfill VA Degtyarev.

In 1911, Russian Vladimir Fedorov experienced gunsmith 5 Charger automatic (self-loading in modern terminology) rifle under domestic cartridge caliber 7,62 × 54 mm R. In this case, the Artillery Committee decided to order a batch of these rifles for the military trials. At the same time, Fedorov led the work on the creation of a new cartridge, specially adapted for use in automatic weapons.

In 1913, he began testing a new automatic (in the modern sense of the word, that is the leading fire bursts) rifle by 6.5-mm cartridge of its own design.

Cartridge Fedorov had a muzzle energy of about 3100 J (against 3600-4000 J. at regular Russian 7.62mm cartridge), which makes it more suitable for automatic weapons, and a sleeve without serving chimes, which allowed him to carry out a reliable supply of high-capacity magazine .
Cartridge 6,5 × 50mm Arisaka

But with the beginning of World War I could not walk and talk about the development and mass production of a new cartridge. In 1915 Fyodorov adjusted his rifle under even more weak Japanese chuck 6,5 × 50mm Arisaka with muzzle energy of 2615 J. These cartridges were purchased by the Government, together with the Japanese Arisaka and carbines were in warehouses in large numbers. The main producers of ammunition for the Japanese sample were Russian British firms - Kaynok, Royal Arsenal Woolwich and Petrograd ammunition plant (200-300 thousand per month, according to the factory museum).

It should be noted that the cartridge Fedorov, and Arisaka cartridge in its ballistic properties are typical rifle cartridges, though reduced caliber and power, not by any likeness of intermediate, as stated in some sources. True, this "paper" characteristics such as caliber and muzzle energy of a bullet cartridge Arisaka in the case of its use in "automatic" Fedorova (with relatively short against the conventional rifle barrel) is really comparable to the most powerful of the modern intermediate cartridge, created for a specific task hit targets that are protected by means of body armor - such as 6,8 × 43 mm Remington SPC, or 6,5 × 38 mm Grendel, - but because of the use of its design is significantly less advanced technologies and materials of the late XIX century, by weight , size and momentum return match exactly rifle cartridge (Arisaka cartridge weighed 21 grams, to the Mosin rifle cartridge - 22.7 ... 25.1 grams; their sizes were also very close), and consequently - was still too large and heavy for the successful use of manual automatic weapons such as machine in the modern sense of the word. [1] [2]
Shutter locked with two swinging larvae located symmetrically on both sides and rotating in a vertical plane. During a shot at the commencement of the trunk ago These larvae turned and released the shutter, which is then able to depart without hindrance in the rearmost position.

Question Fedorov Avtomat accessories for vending machines in the modern interpretation is currently in a position to debate [source not specified 478 days]. Bede both sides of the debate is the complete absence of both any information on the use of the machine in the battles of the Civil War, as well as organizational and structural instruments units are applied in combat Machine (regulations, manuals for soldiers and officers, and so on. D.) Therefore, any claim of affiliation or non-affiliation to the category of machine Fedorov machines are controversial and may be fairly resolved only with the advent of free access to new sources. Very limited data on the use of machine Fedorov during the Winter War with Finland give a slight advantage to supporters "automaton" machine Fedorova, despite design features and obvious shortcomings.

In the summer of 1916 in the Infantry Officers School Oranienbaum armed with automatic rifles Fedorova company of the 189th Infantry Regiment of Izmail on December 1 of the same year is sent to the front in the Romanian part of 4 158 soldiers and officers. In the autumn of the same year Sestroretsk arms factory received an order for "2.5-line rifles Fedorova." The order was not implemented, as in a war factory could not cope even with the release of the main products. However, in Sestroretsk built a special shop. Total Fedorov Avtomat issued is not known: no source indicates the origin of the numbers 3000-3200 machines, which is considered the standard.

Serial production of unfolded only after the revolution at the Kovrov plant (now Plant. Degtyareva). Before this machine was made in the Fedorova Sestroretsk arms factory, which was built a special shop. Due to the territorial claims of the neighboring Finland in the early 20s the area became essentially a front-line area, and finding it was not possible business priority. When an initial order for 15 thousand. Pieces actually from 1920 to 1924 produced 3200 machines (called "automatic" fixed for Fedorov rifle in the 1920s, with the light hand of the chief small polygon NI Filatov).

In 1922, the Red Army began the creation of individual companies, armed with machine guns Fedorova [3]

In 1923, Fedorov Avtomat undergone modernization, new sight, hammer mechanism and the store give grounds to speak about the sample in 1923 against the old model in 1916.

On arms of the Red Army machine Fedorova was until 1928. However, in 1940, during the Winter War with Finland, some of the machines in the newly arrived troops fighting in Karelia.

Fyodorov and other Soviet designers (Degtyarev, Shpitalnaya) developed on the basis of the machine a whole family of unified models of small arms, including hand and tank machine gun, twin and buildings aircraft machine gun. These are to some extent anticipated the postwar concept of unification of small arms in the Soviet Union, the United States and other countries.

In general, automatic Fyodorov, as pointed out by the author [4], proved to be insufficiently reliable and too complex design, so he had no chance of becoming a model of mass weapons. However, the analysis only available to date a reliable source operating machine - brochure edition in 1923 - shows that the main problem of the machine were not flawed construction and poor quality of construction materials - sediment components, spatter, and so on, as well as the poor quality of supplied ammunition to the troops.