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Description
At the Congress of Vienna in 1815, William I of the Netherlands wanted to expand his realm to the shore of the Rhine. But since Prussia had fought so valiantly to help defeat the French, the Great Powers agreed to expand the Netherlands to the south instead. Territories transferred to Dutch control were the densely populated city of Lille along with roughly half of Walloon Flanders , the eastern two thirds of French Hainaut including the important fortress of Valenciennes and the iron fields of Longwy.

These territories added a substantial amount of French speaking Roman Catholics to the Kingdom, and to keep them in place William started his appeasement policies. The French language was to be taught in schools all over the nation, even in the Dutch speaking northern part. Many universities were founded in the South, all of whom only had lectures in the French language whereas the North was left without any such improvements. This left many Northerners feeling forgotten and betrayed by their king, who after all was a Dutch Protestant king, not a French Catholic. Rumors had it that his first born son, the heir to the throne, was a Catholic. When the time came, and William I died, the Northerners staged a revolution as they feared they would be oppressed in a state with a Catholic king. Prussia saw this as their opportunity to formally annex the Duchy of Luxemburg, an area of the former United Kingdom of the Netherlands whose capital was already garrisoned by Prussian troops. However, outspoken French disapproval of the Prussian plan caused the King of Prussia to install one of his sons as the Duke of Luxemburg, gaining control of the Duchy without actually annexing it.

As the Batavian Revolution ended, the London Treaty was signed in the late 1830s to establish the new order of the Low Countries. William II of the Netherlands continued to rule in the South, still having control of the provinces of East and West Flanders, Antwerp (with a few border concessions added), Limburg, Hainaut, Brabant, Namur and Liege.
In the North, a Republic was proclaimed, and the name of Batavia was chosen. This name had a special place in the hearts of many Dutchmen, as the Napoleonic Batavian Republic was very popular and prosperous during its time.
Minor border corrections were made to Luxemburg, nothing very drastic.
This treaty left the rump Netherlands without any major ports that could be used to supply the Overseas Empire. To rectify this problem a separate agreement was signed with the North that granted the Netherlands use of Northern ports until the port of Antwerp had been sufficiently upgraded to sustain the Empire. While neither side was very happy with this agreement, it was eventually seen as mutually beneficent to reduce the chance of another armed conflict between the two nations over control of the ports.

Finished on January 20, 2012

Description
At the Congress of Vienna in 1815, William I of the Netherlands wanted to expand his realm to the shore of the Rhine. But since Prussia had fought so valiantly to help defeat the French, the Great Powers agreed to expand the Netherlands to the south instead. Territories transferred to Dutch control were the densely populated city of Lille along with roughly half of Walloon Flanders , the eastern two thirds of French Hainaut including the important fortress of Valenciennes and the iron fields of Longwy.

These territories added a substantial amount of French speaking Roman Catholics to the Kingdom, and to keep them in place William started his appeasement policies. The French language was to be taught in schools all over the nation, even in the Dutch speaking northern part. Many universities were founded in the South, all of whom only had lectures in the French language whereas the North was left without any such improvements. This left many Northerners feeling forgotten and betrayed by their king, who after all was a Dutch Protestant king, not a French Catholic. Rumors had it that his first born son, the heir to the throne, was a Catholic. When the time came, and William I died, the Northerners staged a revolution as they feared they would be oppressed in a state with a Catholic king. Prussia saw this as their opportunity to formally annex the Duchy of Luxemburg, an area of the former United Kingdom of the Netherlands whose capital was already garrisoned by Prussian troops. However, outspoken French disapproval of the Prussian plan caused the King of Prussia to install one of his sons as the Duke of Luxemburg, gaining control of the Duchy without actually annexing it.

As the Batavian Revolution ended, the London Treaty was signed in the late 1830s to establish the new order of the Low Countries. William II of the Netherlands continued to rule in the South, still having control of the provinces of East and West Flanders, Antwerp (with a few border concessions added), Limburg, Hainaut, Brabant, Namur and Liege.
In the North, a Republic was proclaimed, and the name of Batavia was chosen. This name had a special place in the hearts of many Dutchmen, as the Napoleonic Batavian Republic was very popular and prosperous during its time.
Minor border corrections were made to Luxemburg, nothing very drastic.
This treaty left the rump Netherlands without any major ports that could be used to supply the Overseas Empire. To rectify this problem a separate agreement was signed with the North that granted the Netherlands use of Northern ports until the port of Antwerp had been sufficiently upgraded to sustain the Empire. While neither side was very happy with this agreement, it was eventually seen as mutually beneficent to reduce the chance of another armed conflict between the two nations over control of the ports.

Finished on January 20, 2012