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GeneralTate — Grumman F-14 Tomcat

Published: 2016-05-17 05:46:44 +0000 UTC; Views: 8398; Favourites: 192; Downloads: 165
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Description

The Grumman F-14 Tomcat is a supersonictwin-engine , two-seat, variable-sweep wing  fighter aircraft . The Tomcat was developed for the United States Navy 's Naval Fighter Experimental (VFX) program following the collapse of the F-111B  project. The F-14 was the first of the American teen-series  fighters, which were designed incorporating the experience of air combat  against MiG  fighters during the Vietnam War .

The F-14 first flew in December 1970 and made its first deployment in 1974 with the U.S. Navy aboard USS  Enterprise (CVN-65), replacing the McDonnell Douglas F-4 Phantom II . The F-14 served as the U.S. Navy's primary maritime air superiority fighter , fleet defense interceptor  and tactical aerial reconnaissance  platform. In the 1990s, it added the Low Altitude Navigation and Targeting Infrared for Night (LANTIRN ) pod system and began performing precision ground-attack missions.

In the 1980s F-14s were used as land-based interceptors by the Islamic Republic of Iran Air Force  during the Iran–Iraq War , where they saw combat against Iraqi warplanes. Iranian F-14s reportedly shot down at least 160 Iraqi aircraft during the war, while only 12 to 16 Tomcats were lost; at least half of these losses were due to accidents.

The Tomcat was retired from the U.S. Navy's active fleet on 22 September 2006, having been supplanted by the Boeing F/A-18E/F Super Hornet . The F-14 remains in service with the Islamic Republic of Iran Air Force , having been exported to Iran  in 1976, when the U.S. had amicable diplomatic relations with Iran.

Role: Interceptorair superiority  and multirole combat aircraft
National origin:  United States of America
Manufacturer:  Grumman Aerospace Corporation
First flight:  21 December 1970
Introduction:  22 September 1974
Retired:  22 September 2006 (United States Navy )
Status:  In service with the Islamic Republic of Iran Air Force
Primary users:  United States Navy  ,(historical)Imperial Iranian Air Force , (historical)Islamic Republic of Iran Air Force
Produced:  1969–1991
Number built:  712
Unit cost:  US$ 38 million (in 1998 Dollars)

Operational History:

 The F-14 began replacing the F-4 Phantom II in U.S. Navy service starting in September 1974 with squadrons VF-1 "Wolfpack"  and VF-2 "Bounty Hunters"  aboard USS  Enterprise (CVN-65) and participated in the American withdrawal from Saigon . The F-14 had its first kills in U.S. Navy service on 19 August 1981 over the Gulf of Sidra  in what is known as the Gulf of Sidra incident . In that engagement two F-14s from VF-41 Black Aces  were engaged by two Libyan Su-22 "Fitters" . The F-14s evaded the short range heat seeking AA-2 "Atoll"  missile and returned fire, downing both Libyan aircraft. U.S. Navy F-14s once again were pitted against Libyan aircraft on 4 January 1989, when two F-14s from VF-32  shot down two Libyan MiG-23 "Floggers"  over the Gulf of Sidra in a second Gulf of Sidra incident .

Its first sustained combat use was as a photo reconnaissance platform. The Tomcat was selected to inherit the reconnaissance mission upon departure of the dedicated RA-5C Vigilante  and RF-8G Crusaders  from the fleet. A large pod called the Tactical Airborne Reconnaissance Pod System  (TARPS) was developed and fielded on the Tomcat in 1981. With the retirement of the last RF-8G Crusaders in 1982, TARPS F-14s became the U.S. Navy's primary tactical reconnaissance system. One of two Tomcat squadrons per airwing was designated as a TARPS unit and received 3 TARPS capable aircraft and training for 4 TARPS aircrews.

While the Tomcat was being used by Iran in combat against Iraq in its intended air superiority mission in the early 1980s, the U.S. Navy found itself flying regular daily combat missions over Lebanon to photograph activity in the Bekaa Valley . At the time, the Tomcat had been thought too large and vulnerable to be used over land, but the need for imagery was so great that Tomcat aircrews developed high speed medium altitude tactics to deal with considerable AAA and SA-7 SAM threat in the Bekaa area. The first exposure of a Navy Tomcat to a SA-2 missile was over Somalia in April 1983 when a local battery was unaware of two Tomcats scheduled for a TARPS mission in prelude to an upcoming international exercise in vicinity of Berbera. An SA-2 was fired at the second Tomcat while conducting 10,000-ft mapping profile at max conserve setting. The Tomcat aircrews spotted the missile launch and dove for the deck thereby evading it without damage. The unexpected demand for combat TARPS laid the way for high altitude sensors such as the KA-93 36 in (910 mm) Long Range Optics (LOROP) to be rapidly procured for the Tomcat as well as an Expanded Chaff Adapter (ECA) to be incorporated in an AIM-54 Phoenix Rail. Commercial "Fuzz buster" type radar detectors were also procured and mounted in pairs in the forward cockpit as a stop gap solution to detect SAM radars such as the SA-6. The ultimate solution was an upgrade to the ALR-67 then being developed, but it would not be ready until the advent of the F-14A+ later in 1980s.

The participation of the F-14 in the 1991 Operation Desert Storm  consisted of Combat Air Patrol (CAP) over the Red Sea and Persian Gulf and overland missions consisting of strike escort and reconnaissance. Until the waning days of Desert Storm, in-country air superiority was tasked to USAF F-15 Eagles  due to the way the Air Tasking Orders (ATO) delegated primary overland CAP stations to the F-15 Eagle. The governing Rules of Engagement (ROE) also dictated a strict Identification Friend or Foe (IFF) requirement when employing Beyond Visual Range weapons such as the AIM-7 Sparrow and particularly the AIM-54 Phoenix. This hampered the Tomcat from using its most powerful weapon. Furthermore, the powerful emissions from the AWG-9 radar are detectable at great range with a radar warning receiver . Iraqi fighters routinely retreated as soon as the Tomcats "lit them up" with the AWG-9. The U.S. Navy suffered its only F-14 loss from enemy action on 21 January 1991 when BuNo 161430, an F-14A upgraded to an F-14A+, from VF-103  was shot down by an SA-2  surface-to-air missile while on an escort mission near Al Asad  airbase in Iraq. Both crew survived ejection with the pilot being rescued by USAF Special Forces and the RIO being captured by Iraqi troops as a POW until the end of the war. The F-14 also achieved its final kill in US service, an Mi-8  "Hip" helicopter, with an AIM-9 Sidewinder.

In 1995, F-14s from VF-14  and VF-41  participated in Operation Deliberate Force  as well as Operation Allied Force  in 1999, and in 1998, VF-32 and VF-213 participated in Operation Desert Fox. On 15 February 2001 the Joint Direct Attack Munition or JDAM  was added to the Tomcat's arsenal. On 7 October 2001, F-14s would lead some of the first strikes into Afghanistan  marking the start of Operation Enduring Freedom  and the first F-14 drop of a JDAM occurred on 11 March 2002. F-14s from VF-2VF-31VF-32VF-154 , and VF-213  would also participate in Operation Iraqi Freedom . The F-14Ds of VF-2, VF-31, and VF-213 obtained JDAM capability in March 2003. On 10 December 2005, the F-14Ds of VF-31 and VF-213 were upgraded with a ROVER III downlink for transmitting images to a ground Forward Air Controller (FAC).

While the F-14 had been developed as a lightweight alternative to the 80,000 lb (36,000 kg) F-111B , the F-14 was still the largest and most expensive fighter of its time. VFAX  was revived in the 1970s as a lower cost solution to replacing the Navy and Marine Corps's fleets of F-4s, and A-7s. VFAX was directed to review the fighters in the USAF Light Weight Fighter  competition, which led to the development of the F/A-18 Hornet as roughly a midsize fighter and attack aircraft. In 1994, Congress would reject Grumman proposals to the Navy to upgrade the Tomcat beyond the D model (such as the Super Tomcat 21, the cheaper QuickStrike version, and the more advanced Attack Super Tomcat 21). Instead, the Navy elected to retire the F-14 and chose the F/A-18E/F Super Hornet to fill the roles of fleet defense and strike formerly filled by the F-14. The last two F-14 squadrons, the VF-31 Tomcatters  and the VF-213 Black Lions conducted their last fly-in atNaval Air Station Oceana  on 10 March 2006.

The last American F-14 combat mission was completed on 8 February 2006, when a pair of Tomcats landed aboard the USS  Theodore Roosevelt (CVN-71) after one dropped a bomb over Iraq . During their final deployment with the USS  Theodore Roosevelt (CVN-71), VF-31 and VF-213 collectively completed 1,163 combat sorties totaling 6,876 flight hours, and dropped 9,500 lb (4,300 kg) of ordnance during reconnaissance, surveillance, and close air support missions in support of Operation Iraqi Freedom . The USS  Theodore Roosevelt (CVN-71) launched an F-14D, of VF-31, for the last time on 28 July 2006; piloted by Lt. Blake Coleman and Lt. Cmdr Dave Lauderbaugh as RIO.

The official final flight retirement ceremony was on 22 September 2006 at Naval Air Station Oceana, and was flown by Lt. Cmdr. Chris Richard and Lt. Mike Petronis as RIO in a backup F-14 after the primary aircraft experienced mechanical problems. The actual last flight of an F-14 in U.S. service took place 4 October 2006, when an F-14D of VF-31 was ferried from NAS Oceana to Republic Airport on Long Island, New York. The remaining intact F-14 aircraft in the U.S. were flown to and stored at the 309th Aerospace Maintenance and Regeneration Group  "Boneyard", at Davis-Monthan Air Force Base , Arizona; in 2007 the U.S. Navy announced plans to shred the remaining F-14s to prevent any components from being acquired by Iran. In August 2009, the 309th AMARG stated that the last aircraft were taking to HVF West, Tucson, Arizona  for shredding. At that time only 11 F-14s remained in desert storage.

General characteristics

Performance

Armament

Avionics


Side Note: Today is the 30th anniversary of the release of Top Gun, I figure uploading a photo of this fine aircraft is a good tribute to the films release. 

Other Images of this aircraft:



Documentary on this aircraft:
  Discovery Wings Grumman F-14 Tomcat 


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Comments: 29

CJhammond2021 [2023-09-12 03:17:04 +0000 UTC]

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Midway2009 [2016-10-21 03:09:54 +0000 UTC]

F-14s forever!!

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ZanyOnePip [2016-09-19 00:41:58 +0000 UTC]

hello again GeneralTate... was broswing Mig 21 and this came up.

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zaco21 [2016-09-18 23:04:25 +0000 UTC]

The fighter of the Iranians...

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Projectvga84 [2016-05-31 18:55:49 +0000 UTC]

Oh yeah!!! Love some F-14 Tomcat!

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GrummanF-14 [2016-05-18 03:02:05 +0000 UTC]

And the rummer has it that those Islamic Air Force F-14s were sabotaged by the American support personal before they left taking some of the sensitive equipment with them since when the IAF tried to use the weapons system after the change of power none of them firing control systems worked. So they've probably been sitting in some hanger in the middle of some forgotten airbase collecting dust. And that's the real reason why the U.S. Navy decommissioned them in 2006. It was because they didn't the IAF getting there hands on any spare parts to replace the components that were missing in theirs.

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mavin999 In reply to GrummanF-14 [2016-08-02 14:27:26 +0000 UTC]

The service personnel indeed attempted to sabotage the planes but then, roughly two years later when Iraq invaded Iran, the Iranians Used their F-14s to fight back Iraq's Russian planes and they were pretty successful at it.

The last time Iranian f-14 were seen flying was in a video shot from a Russian bomber flying over Syria being escorted by 2 Iranian f-14s during an operation to target ISIS troops. 

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GrummanF-14 In reply to mavin999 [2016-08-02 14:32:57 +0000 UTC]

Yeah after finding a way to get the weapons system working again. But if those f-14s were to go up again US F-14s then they would of been shot down long before the Iranian f-14s could pick up the US F-14 because of the lack of range that the missiles they used on them had.

And how recent was that video?

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zaco21 In reply to GrummanF-14 [2016-09-18 23:07:52 +0000 UTC]

The Soviets could make targeting systems for these planes based on theirs. It's not that hard. The Russians also volunteered to sell them engines to replace the older ones. 

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GrummanF-14 In reply to zaco21 [2016-09-19 00:54:01 +0000 UTC]

True but I'm sure that Former U.S.S.R probably just wanted to get their hands on one of the most advanced US Navy Interceptor so that way they could develop either an affective counter measures against them or use them to develop their versions of the fighter.

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mavin999 In reply to GrummanF-14 [2016-08-04 14:21:29 +0000 UTC]

As recent as a few months ago,

You are correct about the missiles, Iranians indeed had a difficult time replacing the Phoenix missiles but eventually they managed to modify and use HAWK ground to air missiles during the Iran Iraq war.

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GrummanF-14 In reply to mavin999 [2016-08-04 14:59:32 +0000 UTC]

True but during the Iran Iraq war the f-14s were used as interceptors during the war but as the war went on they were rarely used because of the fact that they couldn't replace any of them because the U.S. severed all diplomatic ties to the country after the Iranian Hostage Crisis.

So those f-14s that were in the video on the A model from the original 80 that were ordered back in the 1970's.

And fun fact about the Iran Iraq war. When Iran invaded Kuwait in 1991. They believe that the NATO forces that were massing along their border in Saudi Arabian desert, thought that the desert terrain that lacted navigational markers like mountains or other features would prevented them from using their tanks, we're surprised when they were suddenly over welled by US M1A1 Abrams and Bradley support vehicles flanking them from the desert.

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mavin999 In reply to GrummanF-14 [2016-08-06 15:36:29 +0000 UTC]

Iran didn't invade Kuwait, Iraq did. 

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GrummanF-14 In reply to mavin999 [2016-08-06 15:39:19 +0000 UTC]

That's right I always seem to get those two countries mixed up. Thanks
And do why the Iraqi military top brass were surprised when M1A1 Abrams were attacking them from the desert that they deemed as a natural defensive barrier?

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mavin999 In reply to GrummanF-14 [2016-08-07 14:02:21 +0000 UTC]

Idk? Cuz they were dumb?

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GrummanF-14 In reply to mavin999 [2016-08-07 14:25:17 +0000 UTC]

That's a good reason there.
But no they underestimated the enemy ability to use tactics that were created and used by the German General Erwin Johannes Eugen Rommel aka The Desert Fox. And the other reason was that the US M1A1 Abarms and Bradleys used Global Positioning System to navigate the desert.

So basically the Iraqis were over welmed by the Techniclogical advaced equipment and tactics of the NATO forces. Also some of the Iraqi soldiers that fought in the Iraq Iran war were then forced to stay in the Iraqi army by the time Iraq invade Kuwait. So those soldiers just abandon their post when they saw the Abarms coming out of the desert.

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AudiSportDashie [2016-05-18 02:41:38 +0000 UTC]

My #1 favorite fighter, A true legend. God I just loved how that thing screamed in Top Gun!

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GrummanF-14 In reply to AudiSportDashie [2016-05-18 03:07:06 +0000 UTC]

You said although I've had an up close and personal experience with the Grumman F-14 Tomcat since my dad worked on them while in the Navy. Plus I got to sit in the cockpit of an F-14 Tomcat when I was 6 years old(it was having maintenance done on the engines).

Now I'm waiting for Northrop Grumman to manufacture the VF-1 Valkyrie

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AudiSportDashie In reply to GrummanF-14 [2016-05-18 03:12:24 +0000 UTC]

That's really cool, I've never had such an experience before besides movies tbh. I researched it a lot back in school and I suddenly had a thing for fighter jets.

VF-1 Valkyrie? Something new?

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GrummanF-14 In reply to AudiSportDashie [2016-05-18 03:19:15 +0000 UTC]

Yeah and no this is a VF-0(this was before the VF-1 Valerie) youtu.be/iXNa88lRh4E

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AudiSportDashie In reply to GrummanF-14 [2016-05-18 03:27:37 +0000 UTC]

Ooh ok I see, That was pretty neat.

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GrummanF-14 In reply to AudiSportDashie [2016-05-18 03:48:18 +0000 UTC]

Yeah and the biggest advantage the VF-1 Valkyrie would have over 5th gen fighters...
It ability to fly in the complete vacuum of space as well as go from Atmospheric flight in the Earth atmosphere to space under it own power. And these were prototype VFs to replace the VF-1 Valkyrie the one with the forward swept wings is the YV-19 Excalibur and the one where it looks like the jet is flying itself(it not the pilot is controlling the jet with his mind.) Is the YF-21
youtu.be/5nMXj0oEaY0

And in this one you can see the different versions of the VF-1 series fighters that came after the VF-1 Valkyrie

youtu.be/kxORhndht5Y

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TylerFreeFlight [2016-05-18 02:37:54 +0000 UTC]

Awesome photo! The best all round air superiority aircraft for quite 
a long time. 

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AudiSportDashie In reply to TylerFreeFlight [2016-05-18 02:42:59 +0000 UTC]

The sound of this thing though!

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TylerFreeFlight In reply to AudiSportDashie [2016-05-18 03:10:10 +0000 UTC]

Yeah! so loud it crackles!! especially when it is going straight up.

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AudiSportDashie In reply to TylerFreeFlight [2016-05-18 03:15:26 +0000 UTC]

Or when it's a full throttle. I was told if it flies low enough, It will literally shake windows.

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TylerFreeFlight In reply to AudiSportDashie [2016-05-18 04:46:47 +0000 UTC]

Heck yeah!

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AudiSportDashie In reply to TylerFreeFlight [2016-05-18 04:49:28 +0000 UTC]

😀😀😀

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Nightingaledragon [2016-05-18 01:36:39 +0000 UTC]

I love this. The Tomcat is such a sexy beast. My favorite is still the DeHallivand Sea Vixen though. Nice work though.

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