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SheldonOswaldLee — Chapter 20: The German Federation

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Published: 2022-04-26 19:09:43 +0000 UTC; Views: 8154; Favourites: 20; Downloads: 2
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Many in Europe would view the 1845 Sonderbund rebellion of seven uprising Catholic cantons in the Swiss Confederation and the actions of the Swiss Federal Diet after ordering it’s dissolution to send in the federal army against them, which resulted in Switzerland becoming a federal state in 1846 as a smaller vision of things to come for the overall German and Germanic world. When widespread revolutions raged across German lands from 1848 till 1849, the German, Frankfurt Parliament offered the Prussian King Frederick William IV the title Emperor. Opposition from Austria and Russia, as well as republican however lead to a secondary proposal that preferred the Großdeutsche Lösung (Greater German Solution) under Catholic Austria, which was preferred by catholic German states and the most powerful German state of all Austria, in opposition to Protestant Prussia- However mainly the Hungarians, South Slavs, Italians, Poles, Ruthenians, Romanians, Slovaks and Czechs opposed this as they feared an even stronger, more massive domination by ethnic Germans, which was why the Habsburgs agreed to split off Hungary under a separated branch of the Hohenzollern Monarchy after the Revolutions across Germany and suggestions by the Frankfurt Parliament. Many saw this as a good solution, especially as Hungarians had demanded more autonomy and voices within Austria lately as well and since the Habsburgs had ruled the Holy Roman Empire already for 400 years many saw this as a natural conclusion. Therefore Kingdom of Hungary would become independent under split-off lien of one of his sons according to early plans. A Hungaria constitution was drafted and for now it would remain within a personal-union with the Austrian Emperor who would be King of Hungary, opening up the possibility for Austrian non-German areas to be reunited later on, as Prince Schwarzenberger attempted. With this the Austrian would head the German Federation, as the mainly Catholic Prussian Rhineland and other Catholic southern states supported Austrian idea, while the so called Alliance of Three Kings (Prussia, Saxony and Austria) and their attempted Erfurth Union had tried to stop this Austrian Unification, planning to restore their own old Holy Roman Empire or early German Confederation, but fail thanks to Austrian pressure.

With the Prussian people demonstrating against their King Friedrich Wilhelm for the Alliance of Threee Kings opposing a united Germany and calling for a provisional central German Government, the military tried to crush them down until the King joined there side. Therefore some revolutionaries fled to Denmark, Russia and France, especially classic Liberals and the red more socialist Fortyeighters, of which many also feared a complete Prussian Secession in fear of a Catholic dominated Germany. Still with Prussia internally weakened and isolated the German Confederation (later the German Empire) replacing the Holy Roman Empire in 1859 officially and the liberal Frankfurt Constitution created a unified German Federal State, which would also include much of German Prussia formerly outside of it as they were ethnically majorly German. A Diet Houses (Congress) of Princes and Kings and a Bundesrat with elections were established. The Austrian King would become German Emperor automatically and the Kingdom of Hungary would be split from his direct domain trough another dynastic line of his son or family later on, the Kingdoms of Bavaria, Hannvoer, Saxony, Wüttenberg, Prussia, as well as the Grand Duchy of Baden, the Grand Duchy of Hessen each became major states within this German Confederation. Otto von Bismark appointed by Prussian King Frederich William IV attempted to stop the Austrian unification and hegemony within the German Federation, but did not manage to do so, which was why the Prussian Kingdom remaining outside the German Federation, despite being majorly German attempted to remain more independent, but soon had to yield to Prussian population demands, protests and calls to join the German Federation completely in another, Prussian Revolution. Because of the more federal and liberal character of this German unification compared to some other dimensions and realities, the Habsburg Emperor gained limited authority directly within a republican German Federation, with internal sovereign remaining monarchies.

Overall however some German Federation and pan-German supporters also claimed the ethnic German Netherlands and Flemish regions also, as well as majority ethnic German Swiss regions. With this France Joseph I/ Francis Joseph I became the German Emperor and King of Austria (which included Austria, Bohemia and Galicia), while also remaining in personal-union as Habsburg King of Hungary (which including Croatia, Slovakia and Transylvania).With this the Hungarian Kingdom gained it’s own independent Diet in Budapest, while the Austrian Diet remained in Vienna and the German Federal one in Frankfurt, which prevented any form of Hungarian revolution or uprising in this dimension and reality, but instead the Bohemian Czechs and Croatians rebelled. At the same time the parliamentarian monarchy of the German Federation also had internal enemies, like the Republicans who wished for full liberties and democracies within a republic who were strong in the Rhineland, Saxon and Vienna, as well as Grand Master of the Grand Lodge of Saxony and the Federation of German Grand Lodges, the most influential and combined Freemasons centered around Saxony, as well as Prussian Protestants in Berlin and Königsberg. With this the Prussian Kingdom outside of the German Federation had a population of 800,000 in West Prussia, 1,350,000 in the Grand Duchy of Posen and 1,400,000 in East Prussia. The new German Confederation/ German Imperial Flag was black, yellow and white, representing their coming from from dark times trough voted reunification into a prosperous, peaceful future. The combined new German Federation in total had a population of 45,8 million people 1848, which were more then the 36 million French in France and even nearly on pair with the around 49,35 million Russians within the Russian Empire. Because of this high population, immense industrialization and modern road and railway networks, the French and Russians automatically saw the united German Federation, the later German Empire as a threat to their own hegemony and ambitions within Central Europe, especially as pan-Germans also wished to include the Netherlands and Scandinavia into this new behemoth. The Egyptian Kingdom meanwhile had a more neutral view, seeing the Hapsburg German-Hungary dual monarchy similar to the Russian Empire, as potential ally against a rebirth of Ottoman Imperial strength and ambitions in Syria and the Balkans alike.

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