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Published: 2021-06-18 13:33:09 +0000 UTC; Views: 20771; Favourites: 103; Downloads: 4
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Description
Barosaurus lentusIn the Morrison Formation in the Rocky Mountains and Great Plains of the United States, sauropods were the hallmarks of this Jurassic ecosystem. Over 20 species of sauropods dominated the floodplains and conifer forests across the Morrison. Varying in size from around 30ft with some exceeding 100ft. Among the largest and most well-known is Barosaurus lentus.
History and Discovery:
In 1889, during the end of the infamous Bone Wars, 6 tail vertebra were found in South Dakota by a woman named E. R. Ellerman. Based on these vertebra, Yale Paleontologists Othniel Charles Marsh and John Bell Hatcher described the creature a year later as Barosaurus lentus. The genus name derived from the Greek word "Baros" meaning heavy, and "sauros" meaning lizard (obviously). The species name is derived from the Latin word "lentus" which means "slow". So, slow heavy lizard.
However, the 6 tail vertebra were not the only bones of this specimen, the rest was in the ground back in South Dakota. The local landowner had requested these fossils stay since it was on her property. However, 8 years later, Marsh's assistant George Rieber Wieland collected the rest of the skeleton, consisting of dorsal vertebra, more tail vertebra, and fragments of ribs.
Classification:
A member of the Diplodocine sauropods, it's related to its contemporaries Brontosaurus, Apatosaurus, and Diplodocus. The lattermost believed to be its closest cousin.
Description:
Fossils of this dinosaur have been found in South Dakota and Utah, however, a second unnamed species has been found in Utah and Wyoming. Since the holotype was discovered, 4 other partial skeletons of the type species have been found across this region of the Morrison, and it's one of the rarest of all Morrison sauropods. Only existing for 2,000,000 years from 152-150,000,000 years ago in the Late Jurassic. Like many sauropods, it's a staple of museum exhibits. In fact, among the most iconic museum mounts of dinosaurs anywhere in the world is a Barosaurus dominating the Theodore Roosevelt Rotunda at the American Museum of Natural History in New York City. Erected in December 1991, it features a 122ft-long Barosaurus, rearing up to defend a juvenile (which is now known to have been a Kaatedocus) from an attacking Allosaurus. It is the tallest free-standing skeletal mount in the world rising 90ft into the air.
Habitat:
Its habitat in the Morrison Formation was a series of conifer forests and vast floodplains which had both a dry and wet season. It would've shared its habitat with other icons of the Jurassic period. Stegosaurus, Brontosaurus, and Diplodocus were all contemporaries during this period. As for its diet, whilst no complete skull has ever been found, it is assumed that the skull would be similar to Diplodocus and Apatosaurus. Therefore, like other diplodocids, it's believed that they used their peg-like teeth to strip vegetation from branches and ferns.
Size:
In terms of appearance, it resembled other diplodocid sauropods. A long neck, long tail, and an elongated skull with peg-like teeth designed for stripping vegetation. However, a characteristic that sets Barosaurus apart from other Diplodocids is a proportionally longer neck compared to other diplodocids. In fact, Barosaurus' vertebra, while similar to Diplodocus was 50% longer.
The size of Barosaurus on average is around 80-90ft long and 20-25 tons. However, a large sauropod vertebra that has been recently attributed to Barosaurus indicates an animal that was over double that size.
Specimen BYU 9024 found in Utah is a cervical vertebra (vertebra from the neck) around 4.5ft long. In 2019, Paleontologists Darren Naish, Matt Wedel, and Mike Taylor performed an analysis on the bone which was originally assigned to another diplodocid, Supersaurus. According to Taylor, "We are 99% certain that the bone is a Barosaurus cervical". And this would make Barosaurus among the largest of all Morrison sauropods. This massive vertebra would fit on a neck would be around 49ft long in total, and the overall estimates are between 140-158ft long. Mass is something that is difficult to ascertain, with some estimates reaching 130 tons, but more likely, it'd fall within the range of around 50-70 tons. Nonetheless, this would make Barosaurus the largest of all Morrison sauropods rivaling the diplodocid Supersaurus and the primitive rebbachisaur, Maraapunisaurus.
While further studies and new material will help clarify the status of this taxon more, Barosaurus nonetheless remains a dinosaur that has become an icon of museum displays across the globe.
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Yes, this is a reference to NYC's awesome mount, I had an old model (explain later) and decided to start from scratch and use this new mesh to create new Diplodocid species.
This is the blog post where they estimated/classified the vertebra as Barosaurus:
Supersaurus, Ultrasaurus and Dystylosaurus in 2019, part 2b: the size of the BYU 9024 animal | Sauropod Vertebra Picture of the Week (svpow.com)
The main changes I made were the same as the changes I made to my Diplodocus hallorum mesh. However, I extended the neck, extended the tail, made the skull shorter and slightly wider, though that's pure speculation since no Barosaurus skull has ever been confirmed to be one by science, and of course, I added on more spikes down the tail and to the whip. I originally wanted to base the coloration off of FredtheDinosaurman 's Barosaurus/Allosaurus encounter.
Barosaurus
^^^Awesome piece BTW
But, after I did the base shade of color for the Baro, my mind kind of wandered and this color scheme happened.
Now, originally when I decided on the Morrison for Past Meets Present, I was going to target Utah 151,000,000 years ago but ultimately settled on Wyoming since some of the more significant dinosaurs were found in the region. Plus, I was busier at the time and never sat down and actually took the time to design these two dinosaurs (D.hallorum and Barosaurus). So I just used the base model and adjusted the posture.
THOUGH, I will add I will use the updated models for my D.hallorum. I made a base mesh for all other Diplodocids and decided to use that in the next episode of PMP when I make them go through a growth spurt to be ~70ft long. Just going to say the tail spines ontogenetically grow when they get older.
Now before you say, "why not just let them grow gradually?"
A. I'm the director, I decide how things progress in PMP.
B. Prehistoric Park did this with the T.rexes. By episode 5 they went from the size of Chomper to the size of AMNH 5027/Stan.
C. Spines on all diplodocids are speculative whose to say when they grow them in?
D. This is a story about rescuing extinct creatures using TIME TRAVEL. Rapidly maturing Diplodocids is the least crazy thing in this show.
Also, on the note of spines, if you're curious why I didn't reference them, that'll come later when I do Kaatedocus.
Original Model by DinosaurManZT2 :
Diplodocus (HENDRIX) | ZT2 Download Library Wiki | Fandom
TECHNICALLY for Past Meets Present:
Past Meets Present (Pt4 is Up) - The ZT2 Round Table
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shimartin [2021-06-23 10:21:07 +0000 UTC]
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